B5 + B6 Flashcards
Communicable diseases caused
are caused by pathogens like bacteria that can be passed from one person to another ( flu )
Non communicable diseases
Non-communicable diseases cannot be transmitted from one person to another but still cause ill health. ( heart disease )
Pathogens
Pathogens are disease causing micro-organisms, like virus, bacteria fungi and protogtus.
How can diseases be prevented
They can be prevented by isolation, or washing for skin to skin viruses, to cover your mouth when you cough/ sneezes for airborne viruses, you can prevent fluid spread viruses by not having sex, and taking precautions when doing it
Dr Wakefield
study involve 12 children saying that if you take the mmr vaccine separately you lower the risk of autism, this was proven wrong and he was put under fire, and is under being investigated for alleged misconduct.
Prokaryotic
Prokaryotic- has no nucleus, no organelles, simple and smaller, DNA in circle, carries genetic material
Viruses size
Smaller than a bacteria cell 20 - 400 nanometers
Size of bacteria
5.0 micrometers
Correlation
is the relationship between two or more things
Causation
Needs an effect to show one factor can influence another
Autoclave
A special oven used to sterilise equipment
Inoculate
A method of introducing microorganisms to a culture medium
Agar gel
A meduim that contains nutrients needed by microorganisms
Culture medium
A liquid or gel containing nutrients
Sterile
When a piece of equipment is fully rid of bacteria
Contaminated
When their has been a growth of bacteria on a piece of equipment
Aseptic
A technique to get rid of bacteria
Immunisation
Getting given a vaccine which is made of dead and inactive form of a disease causing microorganism
Vaccine purpose
It stimulates the body’s natural immune system response to the bad pathogens it stimulates the white blood cells to produce the antibodies to fight it
Herd immunity
If a large proportion of the population have become immune to a disease, the pathogen is reduced and maybe disappear due to it being unable to spread
Antiseptics
Kill microorganisms in the environment
Antibiotics
Kill bacteria ( not viruses) in the body
Antibodies
Are made by white blood cells to destroy pathogens ( both bacteria and viruses )
Painkillers
Treat the symptoms of a disease but do not kill the pathogens that cause it
Drugs from plants
Some drugs used today are used today that are based on traditional medicines extracted from plants
Who discovered Penicillin
Alexander flemming in 1928
What is a good medicine
Effective - prevent or cure a disease
Safe - not be too toxic or have bad side affects
Stable - must be above to use medicine under normal conditions
Successful - successfully taken into and removed from your body.
Placebo
Does not contain any drugs and given to make the test fair
Monoclonal antibodies
Form of medical treatment that relies on the immune system. Targets particular cells or chemicals in the body
Viral diseases
Measles
HIV
TMV(Tobacco mosaic virus)
Bacterial diseases
Salmonella
Gonorrhoea
Fungal diseases
Rose black spots
Protist diseases
The malarial protist
