B5-101 TMJ, Oral Cavity, and Pharynx Flashcards
1
Q
the muscles of mastication develop from the mesoderm of the […] pouch
A
first pharyngeal
2
Q
the muscles of mastication are innervated by
A
V3 (trigeminal CN)
root of mandibular nerve
3
Q
supra and infrahyoid muscles depress the mandible by
A
- fixing hyoid in place (infrahyoid)
- bringing mandible inferiorly to the fixed hyoid (suprahyoid)
4
Q
elevators of mastication
3
A
- masseter
- temporalis
- medial and lateral pterygoid
5
Q
elevates mandible, closing jaws, more horizontal fibers, some retraction
A
temporalis
6
Q
elevates mandible, closing jaws, superficial fibers make limited contribution to protusion of mandible
A
masseter
7
Q
- acting bilaterally protracts mandible and depresses chin, acting unilaterally
- alternate unilateral contractions produce large chewing movements
A
lateral pyerygoid
8
Q
- acts synergistically with the masseter to elevate
- contributes to protrusion
- alternate unilateraly activity to produce grinding movements
A
medial pterygoid
9
Q
depressor innervated by facial and mandibual nerves
A
digastric (suprahyoid)
10
Q
depressor innervated by facial nerve (CN VII)
A
stylohyoid (suprahyoid)
11
Q
depressor innervated by mandibular nerve (CN V3)
A
mylohyoid (suprahyoid)
12
Q
depressor innervated by nerve to geniohyoid (C1-C2)
A
geniohyoid (suprahyoid)
13
Q
depressor innervated by ansa cervacalis from cervical plexus (C1-C3)
3
A
omohyoid
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
all infrahyoid
14
Q
depressor innervated by C1 via hypoglossal
A
thyrohyoid (suprahyoid)
15
Q
depressor innervated by cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)
A
platysma
16
Q
depresses mandible against resistance when infrahyoid muscles fix or depress bone
A
suprahyoids
17
Q
fixes/depresses hyoid bone
A
infrahyoids
18
Q
depresses mandible against resistance
A
platysma
19
Q
seals the anterior oral cavity so food does not escape
A
orbicularis oris
20
Q
keeps food from falling out between distal tooth rows and cheeks
A
buccinator
21
Q
Bell’s palsy may impact what muscle
A
buccinator
22
Q
translations of the TMJ happens in which compartment?
A
superior
23
Q
hinging and pivoting of the TMJ happen in which compartment?
A
inferior
24
Q
the lateral ligament and postglenoid tubercle of the TMJ act to prevent
A
posterior dislocation
25
dislocation of the jaw is almost alway
| direction
anterior
26
flexion is
| elevation or depression
elevation
27
extension is
| elevation or depresion
depression
28
bony surfaces of the TMJ
| 4
* glenoid fossa
* articular tubercle
* postglenoid tubercle
* head of mandible
29
prevents posterior movement/dislocation of jaw
lateral ligament
30
the inner joint of the TMJ is separated into a superior and inferior cavity by a
fibrinocartilaginous disk
31
two accessory ligaments that maintain and limit ROM of the mandible
sphenomandibular
stylomandibular
32
innervation of TMJ
| 4
* mandibular (V3)
* massenteric
* deep temporal
* auriculotemporal
33
nerve that surgeons need to be especially careful of when in the TMJ
auriculotemporal
| provides parotid glands and skin sensation over ear
34
the superior head of the lateral pterygoid inserts into [...]
allowing for sliding forward on to the [...]
articular disc
atricular tubercle
35
in the full gape phase of mastrication, the mandible slides forward onto [...]
articular tubercle
36
crepitus determined by provider
degenerative joint disease
37
prior jaw locking
clicking with opening/closing or protrusion
limited opening
intra-articular joint disorder
38
2 nerves through which the trigeminal supplies dentation
maxillary nerve
mandibular nerve
39
arises from the mandibular nerve, travels through mandibular foramen, to innervate lower jaw
inferior alveolar nerve (CN V3)
40
arises from maxiallary nerve to innervate upper jaw
superior alveolar nerves (V2)
| posterior, middle, anterior
41
innervates left and right vestibular gingiva in the palate
| 4
* anterior superior alveolar
* infraorbital
* middle superior alveolar
* posterior superior alveolar
| from CN V2, mesial to distal
42
innervates left and right vestibular gingiva in floor of mouth
| 2
mental branch
buccal branch
| from CN V3, mesial to distal
43
innervates right and left tooth pulp, periodontal ligament, alveolar processes in palate
| 3
* anterior superior alveolar
* middle superior alveolar
* posterior superior alveolar
| from CN V2, mesial to distal
44
innervates right and left tooth pulp, periodontal ligament, alveolar processes in floor of mouth
| 2
incisive branch of inferior alveolar
dental branch of inferior alveolar
| from CN V3, mesial to distal
45
innervates superior lingual gingiva in palate of mouth
nasopalatine
greater palatine
| from CN V2, mesial to distal
46
innervates floor of mouth and inferior lingual gingiva
lingual
| from CN V3
47
the pharyngotympanic tube opens into
nasopharynx
48
what structure lies between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches?
palatine tonsils
49
describe the 3 stages of deglutition
| differentiate involuntary/voluntary
stage 1: voluntary; bolus pushed against palate and into oropharynx by tongue and soft palate
stage 2: involuntary; soft palate quickly seals off nasopharynx, pharynx widens and shortens to receive bolus
stage 3: involuntary; sequential contraction of pharyngeal constrictor muscles creates peristalsis, forcing bolus into esophagus
50
innervates parotid gland
glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
51
innervates sublingual and submandibular glands
facial nerve (CN VII)
52
runs lateral and inferior to submandibular duct
lingual nerve
| of importance when calcus needs to be incised
53
which salivary glands have long ducts in which calculi can get stuck?
| 2
parotid
submandibular
54
when extracting a calculi from the submandibular duct, what nerve is the surgeon concerned about?
lingual (CN V3)
55
salivary glands lining roof of mouth
palatine glands
| can become cancerous
56
what nerve runs through the parotid gland?
facial
| provides motor for facial expression
57
branches of what nerve are of importance when excising a parotid tumor?
facial
| provide motor for facial expression
58
primarily innervates hard palate
great palatine nerve
59
primarily innervates soft palate
lesser palatine nerves
60
levator veli palatine is innervated by
vagus (CN X)
61
tensor veli patalini is innervated by
trigeminal (V3)
62
tenses palate to make it taunt laterally
tensor veli palatini
63
elevates the tense palatine platform
levator veli palatini
64
the anterior (body) aspect of the tongue is divided from the posterior (root) aspect of the tongue at the
terminal sulcus
65
tonsils at posterior aspect of tongue
lingual tonsils
66
space between epiglottis and tongue
valleculae epiglottica
| important for intubation
67
important to identify for intubation
valleculae epiglottica
| space between epiglottis and tongue
68
provides sensation to the anterior 2/3 of tongue
lingual nerve
69
special sense taste to tongue is provided to the anterior 2/3 of the tongu by what branch of the facial nerve?
chorda tympani
70
provides general and special sense taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue
glossopharygeal
71
all of the motor innervation of the tongu is supplied by
hypoglossal (CN IX)
72
important muscle to protrusion of tongue
genioglossus
73
if you have damage to one side of the hypoglossal, the tongue will protrude to
the injured side
74
pull tongue up and posteriorly during swallowing
| 2
palatoglossal
styloglossal
75
* if the hyoid is fixed, this muscle will pull hyoid back and down
* or can make hyoid ascend if tongue is fixed
hyoglossus
76
intrinsic muscles of tongue
| 3
* superior longitudinal
* transverse and vertical
* inferior longitudinal
| firing when you make a clover with tongue
77
extrinsic muscles of tongue
| 3
* styloglossus
* hyoglossus
* genioglossus
78
* depresses central part of tongue
* posterior part pulls tongue anterior for protrusion
* most anterior retracts apex of tongue
* unilateral contraction deviates tongue to contralateral side
genioglossus
79
* depresses tongue, pulling its sides anteriorly
* helps retrude tongue
hyoglossus
80
retrudes tongue and curls sides, working with genioglossus to form central trough during swallowing
styloglossus
81
* elevates posterior tongue
* depresses soft palate
* acts to constrict isthmus of fauces
palatoglossus
82
located on either side of frenulum and provides opening of submandibular duct
sublingual caruncle
83
mucosal tissue that attaches tongue to floor of mouth
frenulum
84
anterior tongue tie
frenulum
85
posterior tongue tie
frenulum breve posterior
86
low birth weight
breast feeding issue
don't latch well
tongue tie
87
procedure to free up tongue for better latching
frenotomy
88
afferent limb of swallowing reflex
glossopharyngeal
89
efferent limb of swallowing reflex
vagus
90
from palatoglossal arch to valleculae epiglottica and tip of uvula to superior epiglottis is the
fauces
91
food first drops in the [...] to push the epiglottis over the oral airway
fauces
92
due to proximity, osteoarthritis of the vertebral column can effect
swallowing
speech
93
swollen palatine tonsils can push up the [...] and effect airway
soft palate
94
the pharyngotympanic tube and ridge of levator veli palatini are located in the
nasopharynx
95
the anterior attachment for the superior pharyngeal constrictor is the [...]
and joins the buccinator
pterygomandibular raphe
96
runs from pharyngeal raphe, anteriorly to attach on hyoid
middle pharyngeal constrictor
97
attachment point for inferior pharyngeal constrictor
thyroid and cricoid catrilage of pharynx
98
lower part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor
cricopharyngeas
99
which pharyngeal muscle is innervated by CN IX?
| glossopharyngeal
stylopharyngeus
100
other than stylopharyngeus, all other muscles of the pharynx are innervated by
vagus (CN X)
101
muscles that pull down on eustachian tube to open ears
| 3
**salpingopharyngeus**
levator veli palatini
tensor velin palatini
102
constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
| 3
superior pharyngeal constrictor
middle pharyngeal constrictor
inferior pharyngeal constrictor
103
elevate (shorten and widen) pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking
| 3
palatopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus
104
only muscles that glossopharyngeal innervates
stylopharyngeus
105
produce contractions to move food bolus up or down pharynx (gag/swallow reflex)
| 2
vagus (CN X)
glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
106
what nerve should a surgeon be cautious of in a tonsillectomy?
glossopharyngeal
| lose sensation and taste on one side of tongue
107
can pull the mandible laterally when working in isolation
lateral pterygoid
108
when accompanied by its attachment to the articular disc of the TMJ, helps the mandibular condyle translate onto the articular tubercle
lateral pterygoid
109
nerve responsible for sensation to lower mandibular dentition
inferior alveolar
110
supplies motor to muscles of tongue
hypoglossal
111
branch of V3 that provides sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue
lingual
112
will innervate the nasal septum
nasopalatine nerve
113
innervates sensation to the maxillary molors and premolars
posterior superior alveolar
114
help fix the hyoid inferiorly, permitting active depression of the mandible
| 3
sternohyoid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid
115
motor nerve for tongue musculature
hypoglossal
116
permits protrusion of tongue
genioglossal
117
supplies motor to muscles of facial expression
facial n
118
branch of V3 that provides senstation to anterior 2/3 of tongue
lingual
119
supplies innervation to the bulk of the pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles
vagus
120
supplies general sensation and taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue
glossopharyngeal
121
provides sensation to the side of the face anterior to ear
auriculotemporal
122
provides motor to tongue muscles
hypoglossal
123
supplies motor to muscles of facial expression
facial
124
supplies innervation to bulk of the pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles
vagus
125
provides motor innervation to stylopharyngeus muscle
glossopharyngeal
126
provides afferent innervation of pharynx and carotid body and sinus
glossopharyngeal
127
provides taste and general sense to posterior 1/3 of tongue
glossopharyngeal
128
provides sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue
lingual
129
provides sensation to the mandible and motor to the muscles of mastication
mandibular nerve of trigeminal
130
cartilaginous flap at anterosuperior aspect of the larynx
epiglottis
131
attaches to ventrum of tongue
lingual frenulum
132
efferent limb of gag reflex
vagus
133
afferent limb of gag reflex
glossopharyngeal
134
supplies sensation to skin and oral mucosa of cheek
buccal nerve
135
provides visceral sensation from base of tongue
vagus
136
what would cause facial asymmetry with TMJ?
atrophy of muscles of mastication
137
why do you get mandibular deviation to the left in TMJ?
trouble with anterior excursion due to degeration, osteophytes, or displacement of articular disc
138
what is the average normal interincisal distance?
40
139
what may the crepitus be indicative of in TMJ?
cartilage degeneration
140
* produce side to side movement when firing unilaterally
* cause protrusion
* cause anterior movement of articular disc
lateral pterygoid
141
adductors or elevators of jaw
| 3
medial pterygoid
masseter
temporalis
142
pulls the articular disc foward and medial in TMJ
lateral pterygoid
| superior head
143
osteoartritic changes you may expect to see on CT of TMJ
osteophytes
flattening of head of mandible
decreased joint space
sclerosis of bone
144
intra-articular joint disorder is confirmed by what imaging modality?
MRI
145
degenerative joint disease is confirmed by what imaging modality?
CT
146
TMJ is associated with what disease?
psoriasis
147
localized pain at angle of mandible with swelling and severe pain
parotitis
148
what nerve lies in close proximity to the parotid gland?
facial
149
enlarged and diffuse hypoechoic structure on US with increased vascularization on color doppler
parotitis
150
COVID and mumps may cause
parotitis
151
provides sensation to the posterior 1/3 of tongue
glossopharyngeal
152
provides sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue
lingual
153
provides motor to intrinsic muscles of tongue
hypoglossal
154
provides sensation to mandible and inferior teeth
inferior alveolar nerve
155
provide sensation to maxillary molars/premolars, gums, and maxillary sinus
posterior superior alveolar nerve
156
provides motor to temporalis muscle
deep temporal n.
157
travels between the heads of the lateral pterygoid to provide sensation to the skin and oral mucosa of the cheek
buccal nerve
158
central incisors and canine teeth are inervated by
anterior superior alveolar
159
provides sensation to the hard palate
greater palatine n.
160
provides sensation to soft palate, uvula, and tonsil
lesser palatine nerve
161
provides sensation to the nasal septum
nasopalatine nerve
162
buccinator is innervated by
facial nerve
163
genioglusses is innervated by
hypoglossal
164
the stylopharyngeus is innervated by
glossopharyngeal
165
tensor veli palatini is innervated by
trigeminal
166
palatopharyngeous is innervated by
vagus
