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GIR Test 1 > B5-101 TMJ, Oral Cavity, and Pharynx > Flashcards

B5-101 TMJ, Oral Cavity, and Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

the muscles of mastication develop from the mesoderm of the […] pouch

A

first pharyngeal

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2
Q

the muscles of mastication are innervated by

A

V3 (trigeminal CN)

root of mandibular nerve

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3
Q

supra and infrahyoid muscles depress the mandible by

A
  • fixing hyoid in place (infrahyoid)
  • bringing mandible inferiorly to the fixed hyoid (suprahyoid)
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4
Q

elevators of mastication

3

A
  • masseter
  • temporalis
  • medial and lateral pterygoid
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5
Q

elevates mandible, closing jaws, more horizontal fibers, some retraction

A

temporalis

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6
Q

elevates mandible, closing jaws, superficial fibers make limited contribution to protusion of mandible

A

masseter

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7
Q
  • acting bilaterally protracts mandible and depresses chin, acting unilaterally
  • alternate unilateral contractions produce large chewing movements
A

lateral pyerygoid

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8
Q
  • acts synergistically with the masseter to elevate
  • contributes to protrusion
  • alternate unilateraly activity to produce grinding movements
A

medial pterygoid

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9
Q

depressor innervated by facial and mandibual nerves

A

digastric (suprahyoid)

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10
Q

depressor innervated by facial nerve (CN VII)

A

stylohyoid (suprahyoid)

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11
Q

depressor innervated by mandibular nerve (CN V3)

A

mylohyoid (suprahyoid)

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12
Q

depressor innervated by nerve to geniohyoid (C1-C2)

A

geniohyoid (suprahyoid)

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13
Q

depressor innervated by ansa cervacalis from cervical plexus (C1-C3)

3

A

omohyoid
sternohyoid
sternothyroid

all infrahyoid

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14
Q

depressor innervated by C1 via hypoglossal

A

thyrohyoid (suprahyoid)

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15
Q

depressor innervated by cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)

A

platysma

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16
Q

depresses mandible against resistance when infrahyoid muscles fix or depress bone

A

suprahyoids

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17
Q

fixes/depresses hyoid bone

A

infrahyoids

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18
Q

depresses mandible against resistance

A

platysma

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19
Q

seals the anterior oral cavity so food does not escape

A

orbicularis oris

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20
Q

keeps food from falling out between distal tooth rows and cheeks

A

buccinator

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21
Q

Bell’s palsy may impact what muscle

A

buccinator

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22
Q

translations of the TMJ happens in which compartment?

A

superior

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23
Q

hinging and pivoting of the TMJ happen in which compartment?

A

inferior

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24
Q

the lateral ligament and postglenoid tubercle of the TMJ act to prevent

A

posterior dislocation

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25
Q

dislocation of the jaw is almost alway

direction

A

anterior

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26
Q

flexion is

elevation or depression

A

elevation

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27
Q

extension is

elevation or depresion

A

depression

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28
Q

bony surfaces of the TMJ

4

A
  • glenoid fossa
  • articular tubercle
  • postglenoid tubercle
  • head of mandible
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29
Q

prevents posterior movement/dislocation of jaw

A

lateral ligament

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30
Q

the inner joint of the TMJ is separated into a superior and inferior cavity by a

A

fibrinocartilaginous disk

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31
Q

two accessory ligaments that maintain and limit ROM of the mandible

A

sphenomandibular
stylomandibular

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32
Q

innervation of TMJ

4

A
  • mandibular (V3)
  • massenteric
  • deep temporal
  • auriculotemporal
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33
Q

nerve that surgeons need to be especially careful of when in the TMJ

A

auriculotemporal

provides parotid glands and skin sensation over ear

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34
Q

the superior head of the lateral pterygoid inserts into […]
allowing for sliding forward on to the […]

A

articular disc
atricular tubercle

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35
Q

in the full gape phase of mastrication, the mandible slides forward onto […]

A

articular tubercle

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36
Q

crepitus determined by provider

A

degenerative joint disease

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37
Q

prior jaw locking
clicking with opening/closing or protrusion
limited opening

A

intra-articular joint disorder

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38
Q

2 nerves through which the trigeminal supplies dentation

A

maxillary nerve
mandibular nerve

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39
Q

arises from the mandibular nerve, travels through mandibular foramen, to innervate lower jaw

A

inferior alveolar nerve (CN V3)

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40
Q

arises from maxiallary nerve to innervate upper jaw

A

superior alveolar nerves (V2)

posterior, middle, anterior

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41
Q

innervates left and right vestibular gingiva in the palate

4

A
  • anterior superior alveolar
  • infraorbital
  • middle superior alveolar
  • posterior superior alveolar

from CN V2, mesial to distal

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42
Q

innervates left and right vestibular gingiva in floor of mouth

2

A

mental branch
buccal branch

from CN V3, mesial to distal

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43
Q

innervates right and left tooth pulp, periodontal ligament, alveolar processes in palate

3

A
  • anterior superior alveolar
  • middle superior alveolar
  • posterior superior alveolar

from CN V2, mesial to distal

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44
Q

innervates right and left tooth pulp, periodontal ligament, alveolar processes in floor of mouth

2

A

incisive branch of inferior alveolar
dental branch of inferior alveolar

from CN V3, mesial to distal

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45
Q

innervates superior lingual gingiva in palate of mouth

A

nasopalatine
greater palatine

from CN V2, mesial to distal

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46
Q

innervates floor of mouth and inferior lingual gingiva

A

lingual

from CN V3

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47
Q

the pharyngotympanic tube opens into

A

nasopharynx

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48
Q

what structure lies between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches?

A

palatine tonsils

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49
Q

describe the 3 stages of deglutition

differentiate involuntary/voluntary

A

stage 1: voluntary; bolus pushed against palate and into oropharynx by tongue and soft palate

stage 2: involuntary; soft palate quickly seals off nasopharynx, pharynx widens and shortens to receive bolus

stage 3: involuntary; sequential contraction of pharyngeal constrictor muscles creates peristalsis, forcing bolus into esophagus

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50
Q

innervates parotid gland

A

glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

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51
Q

innervates sublingual and submandibular glands

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

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52
Q

runs lateral and inferior to submandibular duct

A

lingual nerve

of importance when calcus needs to be incised

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53
Q

which salivary glands have long ducts in which calculi can get stuck?

2

A

parotid
submandibular

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54
Q

when extracting a calculi from the submandibular duct, what nerve is the surgeon concerned about?

A

lingual (CN V3)

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55
Q

salivary glands lining roof of mouth

A

palatine glands

can become cancerous

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56
Q

what nerve runs through the parotid gland?

A

facial

provides motor for facial expression

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57
Q

branches of what nerve are of importance when excising a parotid tumor?

A

facial

provide motor for facial expression

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58
Q

primarily innervates hard palate

A

great palatine nerve

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59
Q

primarily innervates soft palate

A

lesser palatine nerves

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60
Q

levator veli palatine is innervated by

A

vagus (CN X)

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61
Q

tensor veli patalini is innervated by

A

trigeminal (V3)

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62
Q

tenses palate to make it taunt laterally

A

tensor veli palatini

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63
Q

elevates the tense palatine platform

A

levator veli palatini

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64
Q

the anterior (body) aspect of the tongue is divided from the posterior (root) aspect of the tongue at the

A

terminal sulcus

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65
Q

tonsils at posterior aspect of tongue

A

lingual tonsils

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66
Q

space between epiglottis and tongue

A

valleculae epiglottica

important for intubation

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67
Q

important to identify for intubation

A

valleculae epiglottica

space between epiglottis and tongue

68
Q

provides sensation to the anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

lingual nerve

69
Q

special sense taste to tongue is provided to the anterior 2/3 of the tongu by what branch of the facial nerve?

A

chorda tympani

70
Q

provides general and special sense taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

glossopharygeal

71
Q

all of the motor innervation of the tongu is supplied by

A

hypoglossal (CN IX)

72
Q

important muscle to protrusion of tongue

A

genioglossus

73
Q

if you have damage to one side of the hypoglossal, the tongue will protrude to

A

the injured side

74
Q

pull tongue up and posteriorly during swallowing

2

A

palatoglossal
styloglossal

75
Q
  • if the hyoid is fixed, this muscle will pull hyoid back and down
  • or can make hyoid ascend if tongue is fixed
A

hyoglossus

76
Q

intrinsic muscles of tongue

3

A
  • superior longitudinal
  • transverse and vertical
  • inferior longitudinal

firing when you make a clover with tongue

77
Q

extrinsic muscles of tongue

3

A
  • styloglossus
  • hyoglossus
  • genioglossus
78
Q
  • depresses central part of tongue
  • posterior part pulls tongue anterior for protrusion
  • most anterior retracts apex of tongue
  • unilateral contraction deviates tongue to contralateral side
A

genioglossus

79
Q
  • depresses tongue, pulling its sides anteriorly
  • helps retrude tongue
A

hyoglossus

80
Q

retrudes tongue and curls sides, working with genioglossus to form central trough during swallowing

A

styloglossus

81
Q
  • elevates posterior tongue
  • depresses soft palate
  • acts to constrict isthmus of fauces
A

palatoglossus

82
Q

located on either side of frenulum and provides opening of submandibular duct

A

sublingual caruncle

83
Q

mucosal tissue that attaches tongue to floor of mouth

A

frenulum

84
Q

anterior tongue tie

A

frenulum

85
Q

posterior tongue tie

A

frenulum breve posterior

86
Q

low birth weight
breast feeding issue
don’t latch well

A

tongue tie

87
Q

procedure to free up tongue for better latching

A

frenotomy

88
Q

afferent limb of swallowing reflex

A

glossopharyngeal

89
Q

efferent limb of swallowing reflex

A

vagus

90
Q

from palatoglossal arch to valleculae epiglottica and tip of uvula to superior epiglottis is the

A

fauces

91
Q

food first drops in the […] to push the epiglottis over the oral airway

A

fauces

92
Q

due to proximity, osteoarthritis of the vertebral column can effect

A

swallowing
speech

93
Q

swollen palatine tonsils can push up the […] and effect airway

A

soft palate

94
Q

the pharyngotympanic tube and ridge of levator veli palatini are located in the

A

nasopharynx

95
Q

the anterior attachment for the superior pharyngeal constrictor is the […]
and joins the buccinator

A

pterygomandibular raphe

96
Q

runs from pharyngeal raphe, anteriorly to attach on hyoid

A

middle pharyngeal constrictor

97
Q

attachment point for inferior pharyngeal constrictor

A

thyroid and cricoid catrilage of pharynx

98
Q

lower part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor

A

cricopharyngeas

99
Q

which pharyngeal muscle is innervated by CN IX?

glossopharyngeal

A

stylopharyngeus

100
Q

other than stylopharyngeus, all other muscles of the pharynx are innervated by

A

vagus (CN X)

101
Q

muscles that pull down on eustachian tube to open ears

3

A

salpingopharyngeus
levator veli palatini
tensor velin palatini

102
Q

constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing

3

A

superior pharyngeal constrictor
middle pharyngeal constrictor
inferior pharyngeal constrictor

103
Q

elevate (shorten and widen) pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking

3

A

palatopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus

104
Q

only muscles that glossopharyngeal innervates

A

stylopharyngeus

105
Q

produce contractions to move food bolus up or down pharynx (gag/swallow reflex)

2

A

vagus (CN X)
glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

106
Q

what nerve should a surgeon be cautious of in a tonsillectomy?

A

glossopharyngeal

lose sensation and taste on one side of tongue

107
Q

can pull the mandible laterally when working in isolation

A

lateral pterygoid

108
Q

when accompanied by its attachment to the articular disc of the TMJ, helps the mandibular condyle translate onto the articular tubercle

A

lateral pterygoid

109
Q

nerve responsible for sensation to lower mandibular dentition

A

inferior alveolar

110
Q

supplies motor to muscles of tongue

A

hypoglossal

111
Q

branch of V3 that provides sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

lingual

112
Q

will innervate the nasal septum

A

nasopalatine nerve

113
Q

innervates sensation to the maxillary molors and premolars

A

posterior superior alveolar

114
Q

help fix the hyoid inferiorly, permitting active depression of the mandible

3

A

sternohyoid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid

115
Q

motor nerve for tongue musculature

A

hypoglossal

116
Q

permits protrusion of tongue

A

genioglossal

117
Q

supplies motor to muscles of facial expression

A

facial n

118
Q

branch of V3 that provides senstation to anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

lingual

119
Q

supplies innervation to the bulk of the pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles

A

vagus

120
Q

supplies general sensation and taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

glossopharyngeal

121
Q

provides sensation to the side of the face anterior to ear

A

auriculotemporal

122
Q

provides motor to tongue muscles

A

hypoglossal

123
Q

supplies motor to muscles of facial expression

A

facial

124
Q

supplies innervation to bulk of the pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles

A

vagus

125
Q

provides motor innervation to stylopharyngeus muscle

A

glossopharyngeal

126
Q

provides afferent innervation of pharynx and carotid body and sinus

A

glossopharyngeal

127
Q

provides taste and general sense to posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

glossopharyngeal

128
Q

provides sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

lingual

129
Q

provides sensation to the mandible and motor to the muscles of mastication

A

mandibular nerve of trigeminal

130
Q

cartilaginous flap at anterosuperior aspect of the larynx

A

epiglottis

131
Q

attaches to ventrum of tongue

A

lingual frenulum

132
Q

efferent limb of gag reflex

A

vagus

133
Q

afferent limb of gag reflex

A

glossopharyngeal

134
Q

supplies sensation to skin and oral mucosa of cheek

A

buccal nerve

135
Q

provides visceral sensation from base of tongue

A

vagus

136
Q

what would cause facial asymmetry with TMJ?

A

atrophy of muscles of mastication

137
Q

why do you get mandibular deviation to the left in TMJ?

A

trouble with anterior excursion due to degeration, osteophytes, or displacement of articular disc

138
Q

what is the average normal interincisal distance?

A

40

139
Q

what may the crepitus be indicative of in TMJ?

A

cartilage degeneration

140
Q
  • produce side to side movement when firing unilaterally
  • cause protrusion
  • cause anterior movement of articular disc
A

lateral pterygoid

141
Q

adductors or elevators of jaw

3

A

medial pterygoid
masseter
temporalis

142
Q

pulls the articular disc foward and medial in TMJ

A

lateral pterygoid

superior head

143
Q

osteoartritic changes you may expect to see on CT of TMJ

A

osteophytes
flattening of head of mandible
decreased joint space
sclerosis of bone

144
Q

intra-articular joint disorder is confirmed by what imaging modality?

A

MRI

145
Q

degenerative joint disease is confirmed by what imaging modality?

A

CT

146
Q

TMJ is associated with what disease?

A

psoriasis

147
Q

localized pain at angle of mandible with swelling and severe pain

A

parotitis

148
Q

what nerve lies in close proximity to the parotid gland?

A

facial

149
Q

enlarged and diffuse hypoechoic structure on US with increased vascularization on color doppler

A

parotitis

150
Q

COVID and mumps may cause

A

parotitis

151
Q

provides sensation to the posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

glossopharyngeal

152
Q

provides sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

lingual

153
Q

provides motor to intrinsic muscles of tongue

A

hypoglossal

154
Q

provides sensation to mandible and inferior teeth

A

inferior alveolar nerve

155
Q

provide sensation to maxillary molars/premolars, gums, and maxillary sinus

A

posterior superior alveolar nerve

156
Q

provides motor to temporalis muscle

A

deep temporal n.

157
Q

travels between the heads of the lateral pterygoid to provide sensation to the skin and oral mucosa of the cheek

A

buccal nerve

158
Q

central incisors and canine teeth are inervated by

A

anterior superior alveolar

159
Q

provides sensation to the hard palate

A

greater palatine n.

160
Q

provides sensation to soft palate, uvula, and tonsil

A

lesser palatine nerve

161
Q

provides sensation to the nasal septum

A

nasopalatine nerve

162
Q

buccinator is innervated by

A

facial nerve

163
Q

genioglusses is innervated by

A

hypoglossal

164
Q

the stylopharyngeus is innervated by

A

glossopharyngeal

165
Q

tensor veli palatini is innervated by

A

trigeminal

166
Q

palatopharyngeous is innervated by

A

vagus

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