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GIR Test 1 > B5-062 Dysphagia > Flashcards

B5-062 Dysphagia Flashcards

1
Q
  • inability to swallow solids/liquids including secretions
  • suggest foreign body impactior or inflammation in esophagus
A

acute dysphagia

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2
Q

most common offending agent of acute dsyphagia

A

meat

greater incidence in males over 70

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3
Q

painful swallowing

A

odynophagia

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4
Q

causes of odynophagia

A
  • pharyngitis
  • infections
  • pill/corrosive agent
  • ulcer/abrasion
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5
Q
  • difficulty initiating swallowing
  • often neuromuscular dysfunction

oropharyngeal or esophageal

A

oropharyngeal

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6
Q
  • difficulty swallowing several seconds after swallow intiation
  • sensation that food/liquid is stuck in passage

oropharyngeal or esophageal

A

esophageal

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7
Q

may arise from body of esophagus, LES, or cardia

A

esophageal dysphagia

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8
Q

most common causes of esophageal dysphagia

2 (general)

A

GERD/esophagitis
functional esophageal disorders

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9
Q

difficulty intiating a swallow associated with coughing, choking, or nasal regurgitation

A

oropharyngeal dysphagia

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10
Q

what specialties would be involved in management of oropharyngeal dysphagia?

A

ENT, speech therapy

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11
Q

what specialty would be involved in management of esophageal dysphagia?

A

GI

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12
Q
  • used to view, biopsy, and manipulate/grab
  • can be utilized to biopsy, remove foreign body, stop bleeding, inject air or fluid, dilate, surgery, and laser
A

EGD

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13
Q

when would a pre-endoscopy barium esophagram be used as the intial test?

A
  • proximal esophageal lesion suspected
  • known stricture
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14
Q

when is a post endoscopy barium esophagram used?

A

after negative EGD when obstruction still suspected

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15
Q

what test is done if motility disorder is suspected/EGD is negative for structural issues

A

esophageal manometry

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16
Q
  • measures the rhythmic contractions when swallowing
  • measures coordination and force extered on muscles
A

esophageal manometry

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17
Q
  • loss of peristalsis in distal esophagus
  • incomplete relaxation of LES with swallowing
A

achalasia

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18
Q

see a dilated esophagus with “bird beak” narrowing on barium esophagram

A

achalasia

use esophageal manometry to confirm dx

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19
Q
  • progressively worsening dysphagia of solids/liquids
  • regurgitation and aspiration
A

achalasia

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20
Q

group of conditions linked by presence of sclerotic lesions

A

Calcinosis
Raynauds
Esophageal dysfunction
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasias

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21
Q
  • manometry: absent peristalsis, low/absent LES pressure
  • EGD may show erosive esophagitis or peptic stricture
A

systemic sclerosis

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22
Q

may be related to recurrent esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagitis

A

esophageal stricture

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23
Q

iron deficiency anemia, dysphagia, esophageal web

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

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24
Q

narrow mucosal ring often associated with hiatal hernia

A

Schatzki ring

most common esophageal ring

25
Q

patients younger than 50 with no other worrisome symptoms should be treated with

A

four week trial of acid suppression

26
Q

recommended for initial assessment of patients with esophageal dysphagia

A

EGD

27
Q

accurate diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis should include a

A

biopsy

28
Q

characterized by decreased lacrimal and salivary gland function

A

Sjogrens Syndrome

29
Q

defective peristalsis
xerostomia
dry eyes

A

Sjogrens

30
Q

pharyngoesophageal false diverticulum

A

Zenker’s

31
Q

oropharyngeal dysphagia
halitosis
obstruction
regurgitation
aspiration

A

zenker’s diverticulum

32
Q

sensation of solid/liquid sticking or passing abnormally through esophagus without evidence of other diseases

A

functional dysphagia

diagnosed using Rome criteria

33
Q

stacked circular rings
proximal strictures
whitish papules

on endoscopy

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

34
Q

rapidly progressive dyphagia
chest pain
odynophagia
anemia
anorexia
significant weight loss

A

esophageal carcinoma

35
Q

esopheageal carcinoma in the upper and middle of esophagus is

cell type

A

squamous cell

36
Q

esopheageal carcinoma in the lower 1/3 of esophagus is

cell type

A

adenocarcinoma

37
Q

difficulty generating speech

A

dysphasia

38
Q

sensation of lump, retained food bolus, or tighness in throat not due to underlying disorder

A

globus sensation

39
Q

painful swallowing

A

odynophagia

40
Q

“bird-beak” sign on barium esophagram

A

achalasia

41
Q

“corkscrew” sign on barium esophagram

A

distal esophageal spasm

42
Q

stacked circular rings

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

43
Q

plummer vinson triad

A

iron deficiency anemia
dysphagia
esophageal webs

44
Q

treatment of Plummer Vinson

A

increased iron intake
dilation of esophageal rings

45
Q

metaplastic columnar epithelium replaces the squamous epithelium of the distal esophagus as a result of chronic irritation

A

Barrett’s esophagus

46
Q

chronic multisystem disease of progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs and widespread vascular dysfunction

A

systemic sclerosis

47
Q

dysphagia
heartburn
episodic pseudo-obstruction

A

systemic sclerosis

48
Q

most prevalent esophageal cancer worldwide

A

squamous cell carcinoma

49
Q

cancer in middle and upper portion of esophagus is

A

squamous cell carcinoma

50
Q

GERD and Barretts often precipitate what kind of cancer?

A

adenocarcinoma

51
Q

false posterior diverticula of the esophagus at junction of pharynx and esophagus

A

zenker’s diverticulum

52
Q

progressive degeneration of ganglion cells in myenteric plexus of the esophageal wall which leads to failure of relaxation of the LES and loss of peristalsis in distal esophagus

A

achalasia

53
Q

begins in the mucus secreting glands of the distal esophagus often after chronic irritation from GERD/Barrett’s

A

esophageal adenocarcinoma

54
Q

results from direct esophageal mucosal injury from abrasion or caustic effects of medication

A

pill esophagitis

55
Q

stacked concentric circular rings

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

56
Q

opportunistic infection that can cause odynophagia and dysphagia, as well as oral and esophageal thrush

A

oral candidiasis

57
Q

cause intermittent dysphagia

A

esophageal webs

58
Q

thin mucosal folds that protrude into esophageal lumen

A

esophageal webs

GIR Test 1 (16 decks)

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