B4M1 22-23 Flashcards
Each hemoglobin molecule can bind reversibly with:
a. One atom of oxygen
b. One molecule of oxygen
c. Four molecules of oxygen
d. Two molecules of oxygen
c. Four molecules of oxygen
Aspirin prevents platelet aggregation by inhibiting the action of:
a. PF 3
b. GpIb
c. Thromboxane A2
d. Gp IIbIIIa complex
c. Thromboxane A2
Which step is found in both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathway for clotting
initiation?
a. activation of factor IX
b. activation of factor XII
c. activation of factor X
d. activation of factor XI
c. activation of factor X
Which of the following reaction requires HMWF and prekallikrein?
a. activation of factor IX
b. activation of factor VIII
c. activation of factor XI
d. activation of factor XII
d. activation of factor XII
A positive tourniquet test is found in:
a. Thrombocytosis, decreased fibrinogen, vascular purpura
b. Thrombocytosis, increased fibrinogen, vascular purpura
c. Thrombocytopenia, increased fibrinogen, vascular purpura
d. Thrombocytopenia, decreased fibrinogen, vascular purpura
d. Thrombocytopenia, decreased fibrinogen, vascular purpura
A 15-year-old boy fell, and had a minor superficial wound on his knee. He was
curious and asked about the mechanism of platelet plug. Which of the following is
TRUE?
a. The platelet-plugging mechanism is extremely important for closing the
minute ruptures in very small blood vessels that occur many thousands of
times daily.
b. The ATP and thromboxane act on nearby platelets to activate them as well,
and the stickiness of these additional platelets causes them to adhere to the
originally activated platelet.
c. When platelets come in contact with a damaged vascular surface, the
platelets themselves gradually change their characteristics.
d. If the rent in a vessel wall is small, a blood clot in addition to the platelet
plug is required to stop the bleeding.
a. The platelet-plugging mechanism is extremely important for closing the
minute ruptures in very small blood vessels that occur many thousands of
times daily.
Which among the following cells has a role in graft-versus-host reactions?
a. Monocytes
b. T cells
c. Neutrophils
d. B cells
b. T cells
Which of the following best refers to the physical and chemical characteristics of
platelets?
a. They are capable of reproduction.
b. They are formed in the bone marrow from megakaryocytes.
c. They are large round or oval discs 10-14 micrometers in diameter.
d. They have nuclei.
b. They are formed in the bone marrow from megakaryocytes.
From birth, hematopoiesis occurs primarily in which of the following?
a. Bone Marrow
b. Spleen
c. Thymus
d. Lymph nodes
a. Bone Marrow
10.Carboxyhemoglobin is formed by
a. CO
b. HCO3
c. HCN
d. CO2
a. CO
11.How does plasmin dissolve blood clots?
a. It hydrolyzes the peptide bonds located on the carboxyl side of lysines and
arginines in fibrin.
b. It recruits macrophages and NK cells towards the fibrin mesh thereafter
dissolving the clot with massive release of proteolytic enzymes.
c. It catalyzes the conversion of inactive plasminogen to active plasmin
thereafter breaking hydrogen bonds weaved through the fibrin network.
d. It breaks the disulfide bonds between fibrin threads.
a. It hydrolyzes the peptide bonds located on the carboxyl side of lysines and
arginines in fibrin.
12.Which of the following has a biconcave disc with a central pale area which
gradually fades into a reddish-pink cytoplasm?
a. Rubricyte
b. Mature erythrocyte
c. Reticulocyte
d. Metarubricyte
b. Mature erythrocyte
In the interpretation of the complete blood count, some of the parameters are
directly read from the instrument and some are derived by calculation. Which
among the following is considered as a calculated parameter of the CBC?
a. Mean corpuscular volume
b. White blood cell
c. Hematocrit
d. Red blood cell
a. Mean corpuscular volume
c. Hematocrit
Which of these is primarily released from the primary granules of the neutrophils?
a. Heparin
b. Histamine
c. Major basic protein
d. Acid phosphatase
d. Acid phosphatase
If a patient has a prolonged prothrombin time (PT), the patient is most likely
deficient in factor:
a. IV
b. III
c. VII
d. IX
c. VII
The binding of oxygen to hemoglobin differs from the oxygen-binding behavior of
myoglobin because –
a. oxygen binding to hemoglobin is cooperative.
b. oxygen binding to myoglobin is cooperative.
c. hemoglobin is not an allosteric protein.
d. the oxygen-binding curve of hemoglobin is hyperbolic.
a. oxygen binding to hemoglobin is cooperative.
Identify the cell pointed to at the center of the field:
a. Lymphocyte
b. Basophil
c. Eosinophil
d. Neutrophil
b. Basophil
Jenna is a 1st year medical student attending her class in hematology. During her
review of the components of complete blood count, she was asked to identify which
part of the CBC refers to the ratio of the average volume of a red blood cell and is
derived from the hematocrit and red cell count. Which among the following
components best fits the description given?
a. Mean Corpuscular Volume
b. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
c. Hemoglobin
d. Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
a. Mean Corpuscular Volume
Which of the following is the rate limiting factor in causing blood coagulation?
a. thrombin formation
b. formation of prothrombin activator
c. activation of fibrin stabilizing factor
d. fibrin formation
b. formation of prothrombin activator
From which of the following cells involved in leukopoiesis is basophil derived?
a. Lymphoblast
b. Myeloblast
c. Proerythroblast
d. Monoblast
b. Myeloblast
Normal Range for Bleeding Time:
a. 10-12 seconds
b. 4-10 minutes
c. 25-35 seconds
d. 2-8 minutes
d. 2-8 minutes
Which of the following play a role in humoral immunity?
a. macrophages
b. T lymphocytes
c. monocytes
d. B lymphocytes
d. B lymphocytes
One of the following cells is the tissue counterpart of monocytes:
a. myeloblast
b. monoblast
c. promonocyte
d. macrophage
d. macrophage
A 28-year old pregnant female undergoes laboratory testing prior to childbirth.
What is the expected Complete Blood Count (CBC) finding?
a. Eosinophilia
b. Neutrophilia
c. Monocytosis
d. Lymphocytosis
b. Neutrophilia
Which of the following is TRUE about T cells?
a. They mature within the bone marrow.
b. They produce antibodies.
c. They transform into plasma cells.
d. They are involved in cell-mediated immunity.
d. They are involved in cell-mediated immunity.
Bohr effect, the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin is –
a. decreased by the presence of H+ and CO2.
b. increased by the presence of H+ and CO2.
c. decreased by the presence of Na+.
d. increased by the presence of Na+.
a. decreased by the presence of H+ and CO2.
Which one of the following statements concerning the hemoglobin is correct?
a. HbA1c differs from HbA by a single, genetically determined amino acid
substitution.
b. HbA is the most abundant hemoglobin in normal adults.
c. The globin chain composition of HbF is α2δ2.
d. Fetal blood has a lower affinity for oxygen than does adult blood because
HbF has an increased affinity for 2,3-biphosphoglycerate.
b. HbA is the most abundant hemoglobin in normal adults.
Which of the following causes polymerization of fibrinogen molecule into fibrin
fibers?
a. Prothrombin
b. Thrombin
c. Prothrombin activator
d. Fibrin-stabilizing factor
b. Thrombin
Neutrophilic leukocytosis may result from one of the following conditions:
a. Rheumatoid Arthritis
b. Lupus Erythematosus
c. Vasculitis
d. B12 Deficiency
a. Rheumatoid Arthritis
c. Vasculitis
Which of the following blood cells is the least mature?
a. Monocytes
b. Pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells
c. Natural killer (NK) cells
d. Segmented neutrophils
b. Pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells
Approximately one-third of platelets are normally sequestered in the:
a. Skin
b. Spleen
c. Lungs
d. Kidneys
b. Spleen
32.Protein C and its co-factors protein S proteolytically inactivate Factors:
a. VIIa and Xa
b. IXa and VIIa
c. VIIIa and XIIIa
d. Va and VIIIa
d. Va and VIIIa
The test requires that an atraumatic subcutaneous incision be made without
transecting vessels larger than subcutaneous capillaries.
a. Clotting Time
b. Bleeding Time
c. Prothrombin Time
d. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Timer
b. Bleeding Time
34.This blood component functions as a solvent for carrying substances in the blood
circulation and also absorbs heat.
a. Plasma
b. Proteins
c. Water
d. Electrolytes
a. Plasma
c. Water
A 22-year-old male, was brought to the ER due to a motor vehicular accident. On
examination, a blood vessel was ruptured and after a while, it was noted to be
contracting, causing instantaneous reduction of blood flow from the vessel. Which
mechanism involved in hemostasis is likely involved here?
a. Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
b. Formation of blood clot
c. Platelet plug formation
d. Vascular constriction
d. Vascular constriction
A 44-year-old female presented in the ER with cough, progressive shortness of
breath, night sweats, and weight loss. CXR showed Pulmonary tuberculosis.
Which of the following cells will increase in number?
a. monocytes
b. erythrocytes
c. platelets
d. eosinophils
a. monocytes
Genetically engineered tissue plasminogen activator is particularly helpful in
which scenario?
a. Hemodialysis patients being hooked to an artificial kidney machine
b. Coronary artery thrombi occlusion
c. Prevention of stroke in patients with abnormal heart rhythms
d. Prevention of clots in heart lung machine during coronary bypass
b. Coronary artery thrombi occlusion
Which of the following is an important function of the plasmin system?
a. Acts as an anticoagulant
b. Maintains capillary integrity
c. Removes minor clots from millions of peripheral blood vessels
d. Activates coagulation factors
c. Removes minor clots from millions of peripheral blood vessels
It is the end product formed during activation of plasminogen which is a plasma
protein.
a. Fibrinogen
b. Prothrombin
c. Fibrinolysin
d. Trypsin
c. Fibrinolysin
Hemoglobin differs from myoglobin because:
a. It does not contain any helical region
b. It does not have a heme group
c. It contains more β-pleated sheet structure
d. It is a tetrameter, whereas myoglobin is a single polypeptide
d. It is a tetrameter, whereas myoglobin is a single polypeptide
It is a crude measure of capillary fragility.
a. Tourniquet Test
b. Bleeding Time
c. Prothrombin Time
d. Clotting Time
a. Tourniquet Test
When the eosinophil count exceeds the normal value, the patient most likely
must be having:
a. AIDS
b. Stress and tension
c. Parasitism
d. Congenital immunodeficiency
c. Parasitism
Which of the following plasma proteins is responsible for the maintenance of
colloid osmotic pressure?
a. Globulin
b. Fibrinogen
c. Albumin
d. Prothrombin
a. Globulin
c. Albumin
Which of the following cellular structures is responsible for the package and
release of the granules of the neutrophils?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. Mitochondria
c. Nuclear membrane
d. Lysosome
a. Golgi apparatus
Which of the following is a known function of IgE that is bound in the surfaces of
mast cells and basophils?
a. Protects mucosae
b. Phagocytic activation
c. Activates complement
d. Destroys parasitic worms
c. Activates complement
d. Destroys parasitic worms
Which of the following is the earliest recognizable erythroid precursor and is the
largest of the erythroid precursors?
a. Orthochromatic Normoblast
b. Polychromatophilic Normoblast
c. Basophilic Normoblast
d. Pronormoblast
d. Pronormoblast
The cyclic compounds which are linked by methylene (methine) bridges that
make up the ring system within the red blood cells:
a. Pyridine
b. Proline
c. Porphyrin
d. Pyrrole
c. Porphyrin
It maintains the integrity of blood vessels and form hemostatic plugs.
a. Hemoglobin
b. Platelet
c. Red blood cell
d. White blood cell
b. Platelet
Vasoconstriction, as an initial event in hemostasis, is caused by several
regulatory molecules which include:
a. Fibrinogen and vWF
b. Thromboxane A2 and serotonin
c. Collagen and actin/myosin
d. ADP and epinephrine
b. Thromboxane A2 and serotonin
