B4 - Water 2025 Flashcards
Name the different types of water
Drinking water // dricksvatten
Wastewater // avloppsvatten
Stormwater // dagvatten
How many publicly owned waterworks (WTP) exist in Sweden?
Ca 2000
How many wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) exist in Sweden?
Ca 2000
How long is the Swedish pipe network?
How much does it cost to build new?
101 000km
100miljarder SEK
Running the publicly owned waterworks/wastewater facilities in Sweden costs
1,6 billion SEK
16 billion SEK
160 billion SEK
16 billion SEK
Ange procentandelarna av totalkostnaden för att driva vattenverken i Sverige
(produktion & distribution av dricksvatten vs uppsamling och behandling av skitvatten/sewage)
42% production and distribution
58% collection and treatment of sewage
Hur många km3 wastewater behandlas per år i Sverige?
1.2km3
What was the total water use in Sweden as of 2020?
2.5 billion m3 freshwater
0.5 billion m3 seawater
Fix the pairs (stats from 2020) regarding total water use in Sweden
Agriculture
Households
Industry
Other use
4%
12%
23%
61%
Agriculture - 4%
Households - 23%
Industry - 61%
Other use - 12%
What is the water consumption liter/person/day in Sweden?
140 liter/person/day
According to WHO, the minimum requirement of water per person per day is ____ and the requirement for basic hygiene is _____
7.5 liter/person/day minimum
20 liter/person/day basic
Fix the pairs
Other uses
Food/drinks
Personal hygiene
Toilet flushing
Laundry
Washing dishes
10
10
15
15
30
60
60 personal hygiene
30 toilet flushing
15 washing dishes
15 laundry
10 food/drinks
10 other uses
What happened in Gothenburg in
1787
1800:s
1866
Innan 1787 - folk drack förorenat vatten från kanalen
1787 - the municipality becomes responsible for water supply
1800:s koleraepidemi (London öl)
1866: implementing sewer system, first Swedish town to do so
Whats the raw water source of Gothenburg and what’s the intake in l/s?
Larjeholm
2000 l/s
What’s the main drinking water concern according to WHO?
Pathogens
- bacteria
- viruses
- protozoa
- helminths
Metals and organic contaminants
Emerging contaminants
- microplastics
- pharmaceuticals
What are the two drinking water treatment plants in Gothenburg?
Alelyckan
- UV irradiation
Lackarebäck
- ultrafiltration
Both:
- pH adjustment
- chlorination
- active carbon filter
- sedimentation and separation
DRINKING WATER TREATMENT
In Gothenburg, there are
____ km pipe network
____ pumps
____ water towers
And due to old infrastructure there is
____% leakage
1760km
68 pumps
13 water towers
23%
What are the 3 key issues with wastewater?
Is there a wastewater directive that we need to follow?
- Health issues (pathogens)
- Environmental issues (toxic substances, eutrophication, oxygen depletion)
- Esthetics (odours)
(Aka Seine i Paris)
JA, EU Water framework directive
SEWAGE INFRASTRUCTURE IN GBG
Gothenburg has
___ km sewage pipes
___ km household sewage pipes
___ km stormwater pipes
___ km combines pipes
The pipes belong to the municipal department of ____
2476 km
1106km
871km
499km
Sustainable Water and Waste//Kretslopp och vatten
Mention some fun facts about Ryaverket! 😃😃😃😃😃
GBG:s enda wastewater plant
Serves 780 000 från Göteborg och kranskommunerna (Ale represent)
Intake 4000 l/s
Tar hand om 55000ton rötslam/sludge per år
Mechanical, chemical and biological treatment
What is a REVAQ certification?
Ett certifieringssystem för att skyffla tillbaka avloppsslam till åkermark (Ryaverket)
Explain the urban water system by using the term ”socio-technical system”
Bra exempel slide 24/30 i pp
Technical system
- treatment plants
- pipes
- sewage system
- wastewater treatment 🪴
Social system (people)
- direct consumption
- wastewater production
- land use
Explain black water and grey water
Black water - avloppsvatten/sewage water flushed in the toilets
Grey water - polluted water that has NOT been in contact with faecal matter (=toa)
Mitigation
”Lindrande”
Utsläppsreducering och stabilisering av greenhouse gases i atmosfären
Define stormwater/dagvatten
Water originating from
- precipitation (nederbörd)
- melted snow/ice
Define cloudburst/skyfall
50mm in 1h ELLER 1mm in 1minute (SMHI)
Define 100-year rain
Rain event that has the probability of happening once in 100 years (duration/volume/location)
Antalet skyfall förutspås öka med ___ till ___% i Sverige
10-40%
What are the 5 challenges of Gothenburg regarding cloudburst and stormwater?
- Topography
- Göta Älv and the coastal area - rising sea levels
- Clay in low points - limited infiltration
- Growth - impervious areas (kan ej bygga överallt)
- Underdimensioned pipe system
____ million liter/year sewage water is discharged into GBG:s rivers without any treatment. This is known as CSO, ____
180 million liter/year
Combined sewer overflow
Kolla slide 18/55 för mer info och bilder om stormwater runoff/impervious areas
-
Name some stormwater solutions
Nature-based solutions
- stormwater ponds
- raingardens
- Dikes or swales
- Green roofs
- Green facades
Not nature-based
- permeable asphalt (speciell asfalt som låter dagvatten sjunka undan)
- reservoirs
SOLUTION DESIGN
Give examples/explain
1. Social values
2. Ecological values
3. Climate benefits
4. Economical value
- Recreation, physical activites, meeting spots
- Biodiversity and stormwater quality
- Resilience of solutions, local climate impacts
- Costs for implementation and maintenance
How often is the Climate Change Adaptation Strategy changed (nationally level)
Every 5th year
Are municipal guidelines legally-binding?
Nope
”Limited and unclear implementation”
What is an effective way to avoid flooding?
Placing the solution upstreams to prohibit flooding downstreams
Hur kan man bygga vägar med tanke på skyfallshantering (4sätt, se slide 39/55 i pp)
- Cloudburst road
- Retention street
- Central retention
- Cloudburst pipe
