B1 - Infrastructure Flashcards
Explain sociotechnical systems
Socio: laws, structure of organisation, companies, people
Technical: kugghjulen
Explain physical subsystem
Built environment & infrastructure (buildings, roads, networks)
Explain human subsystem
Organizational structures, history&culture, companies and citizens
Explain urban infrastructure
Sociotechnical systems in urban areas
Humans x natural resources
Supports flow of energy, water, waste and information
Explain physical infrastructure
Facilities and networks providing necessities to society
Eg roads, power plants
Explain infrastructure services
The delivery of services (gas/water/el) to users
Typ rör
What are the 6 types of PRIMARY infrastructure
- Energy
- Water
- Waste
- Transport
- Landscape
- Information
Explain SECONDARY infrastructure
Inte absolut nödvändigt för ett fungerande samhälle men gör livet betydligt lättare
Sjukhus, skolor, museer, turism, fängelset
What are the 5 dimensions of urban infrastructure systems?
- Economic
- Jurisdictional
- Environmental
- Social
- Technical
Define the technical dimension
Everything technical in the urban infrastructure
Lines (roads/tracks/cables) vs nodes (exchanges/substations/transformers)
Decides what services can be delivered to users and how often
Sometimes an aspect of services, eg tfn, transport vehicles etc
Define economic characteristics
Cost for building and operating
Large investment costs that cannot be recovered once made - Västlänken 20miljarder
Monopoly by maximising the use rather than building a second one - eg shopping malls
Street lightning - used by everyone with no profit
Define the jurisdictional characteristics
urban infrastructure systems are greater than the political boundaries of the given city
—> coordination between cities is needed
Rules/legislation is set throughout country/regional/city level
Eg: spårvidd inom EU, Spanien diffar
Define environmental characteristics
Negative impact - emissions, pollutants, noise, certain land use
Positive impact - renewable energy, green&integrated infrastructure
Defjne social characteristics
Who will use it? Who has access to the services provided?
Quality of services delivered to different parts of the city
Disenfranchised communities tend to be more polluted
Name essential, basic and advanced user requirements
Essential:
- safety
- affordability
- accessibility —> wheelchairs in Paris
Basic:
- performance
- availability/reliability
- ease of use
Advanced:
- information
- comfort/courtesy/aesthetics
- ancillary services
