B4 Respiration

Question 1

Name 2 chemicals needed for aerobic respiration.

Answer 1

Glucose and oxygen

Question 2

Why do all cells need to respire?

Answer 2

Release energy.

Question 3

How are chemical reactions controlled in cells?

Answer 3

Enzymes

Question 4

In which part of a cell does aerobic respiration take place?

Answer 4

Mitochondria

Question 5

Is respiration an endothermic reaction or exothermic reaction?

Answer 5

Exothermic (energy is released)

Question 6

Which of the following statements is correct?
Respiration takes place in animals only.
Respiration takes place in plants only.
Respiration takes place in plants and animals

Answer 6

Respiration takes place in all plant and animal cells

Question 7

The word equation for aerobic respiration is:

Answer 7

Glucose + oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 8

Name the two chemicals made during respiration.

Answer 8

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 9

What do animals use the energy released in respiration for?

Answer 9

Build large molecules from small molecules.
Muscle contraction
Maintain a constant body temperature (birds and mammals).
Active transport

Question 10

What happens to the heart rate when a person exercises?

Answer 10

Heart rate increases.

Question 11

What happens to your breathing when you exercise?

Answer 11

Breathing rate increases.
Depth of breathing increases.

Question 12

Why does breathing and heart rate increase when you exercise?

Answer 12

Increase the amount of oxygen (and glucose) delivered to the muscles for aerobic respiration.
Allows a greater rate of respiration
Increases the amount of energy available for muscle contraction

Question 13

Which type of respiration happens when there is
insufficient oxygen reaching the muscles?

Answer 13

Anaerobic respiration

Question 14

Name the chemical formed in anaerobic respiration in human cells.

Answer 14

Lactic acid

Question 15

Which type of respiration releases the most energy?

Answer 15

Aerobic respiration.

Question 16

What is an oxygen debt?

Answer 16

The oxygen needed to react with the lactic acid ad remove it from cells.

Breathing rate remain high after exercsie to provide this oxygen

Question 17

What happens to muscles if there is a build up of lactic acid?

Answer 17

Muscles become fatigued.
Muscles stop contracting efficiently.

Question 18

Name the two types of respiration.

Answer 18

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Question 19

Give two differences between anaerobic and aerobic respiration.

Answer 19

Anaerobic respiration releases LESS energy than aerobic respiration.

Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen whereas aerobic respiration uses oxygen

Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid whereas aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water.

Question 20

Name the chemical with the following formula
C₆ H₁₂ O₆

Answer 20

Glucose

Question 21

Name the chemicals with the following formulae
H₂O
CO₂
O₂

Answer 21

H₂O Water
CO₂ Carbon dioxide
O₂ Oxygen

Question 22

Give the equation of anaerobic respiration in humans

Answer 22

Glucose –> lactic acid

Question 23

Give the equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast and plant cells

Answer 23

Glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 24

Give another term used for anaerobic respiration in yeast cells

Answer 24

Fermentation

Question 25

Why is fermentation important?

Answer 25

Used in the manufacture of Bread Alcoholic drinks

Question 26

What happens to the lactic acid made in anaerobic respiration in humans (Higher)

Answer 26

Transported to the liver In the blood Lactic acid converted back to glucose.

Question 27

What does the term metabolism mean?

Answer 27

All the reactions in a cell or in the body

Question 28

Name three chemicals made from glucose during metabolism

Answer 28

Glycogen Starch Cellulose

Question 29

In metabolism lipids can be made. Name the two chemicals needed to make a lipid.

Answer 29

Glycerol 3 fatty acids

Question 30

What happens to excess amino acids in an animal?

Answer 30

Broken down to for urea Urea is excreted in urine

Question 31

In metabolism amino acids can be made. Name the two chemicals needed to make an amino acid

Answer 31

Nitrate ions Glucose

Question 32

Name the building block of proteins

Answer 32

Amino acids

Question 33

What is trhe energy released during respriation used for?

Answer 33

Syntheis of new molecules in metabolis,