B4

Question 1

what is respiration

Answer 1

an exothermic reaction which transfers energy from glucose and is continuously occurring in cells

Question 2

which type of respiration is more commom

Answer 2

aerobic

Question 3

equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 3

C6H12O2 + O2 - > CO2+H2O

Question 4

which type of respiration yields the most energy

Answer 4

aerobic

Question 5

where do most of the reactions that make up aerobic respiration occur

Answer 5

mitochondria

Question 6

when does anaerobic respiration occur

Answer 6

when there isn’t enough oxygen

Question 7

which type of respiration is the least efficient

Answer 7

anaerobic

Question 8

equation for anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 8

C6H12O6 - > Lactic acid

Question 9

what is the equation for photosynthesis

Answer 9

CO2+H2O - > C6H12O6 + O2

Question 10

what is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast cells (also known as fermentation)

Answer 10

C6H12O2 - > ethanol + CO2

Question 11

when exercising more energy is needed in order for

Answer 11

muscles to contract

Question 12

when respiration has to occur faster…

Answer 12

more oxygen needs to be supplied to cells and more CO2 needs to be removed

Question 13

how is oxygen supplied to the cells faster

Answer 13

• heart rate increases
• breathing rate increases
• breath volume increases

Question 14

what is oxygen debt

Answer 14

the amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid and remove it from the cells

Question 15

what does oxygen debt lead to

Answer 15

muscles tiring and not contracting properly

Question 16

how do we get rid of oxygen debt

Answer 16

oxygen is needed

Question 17

what is lactic acid

Answer 17

incomplete breakdown of glucose molecule

Question 18

how is lactic acid converted back to glucose

Answer 18

blood flowing through the muscles transport it to the liver where it is converted back to glucose

Question 19

what is metabolism

Answer 19

the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body

Question 20

what is metabolism controlled by

Answer 20

enzymes

Question 21

what is fermentation

Answer 21

anaerobic respiration in yeast cells

Question 22

how is urea excreted from the body

Answer 22

urine

Question 23

where in the body does respiration take place

Answer 23

every single cell

Question 24

energy is released in respiration. give uses of the energy released in respiration

Answer 24

to allow organisms move
active transport
keeping warm

Question 25

describe two differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in humans. do not refer to oxygen in your answer

Answer 25

anaerobic respiration releases less energy than aerobic

lactic acid is a product of anaerobic respiration whereas in aerobic respiration its carbon dioxide/water

Question 26

explain how the effect of adrenaline on heart rate may cause reaction time to decrease

Answer 26

increases heart rate which increases the oxygen to the brain. thus there is an increased rate of respiration. therefore more energy is released faster for muscle contraction

Question 27

describe how increased heart rate, increased breathing rate and increased blood glucose concentration would improve athletic performance

Answer 27

the increased heart rate increases cardiac output and oxygen pumped out. the increased breathing rate increases the rate of oxygen that is provided to the cells and the carbon dioxide removed. the increase in glucose concentration provides more glucose and thus more energy for muscle contraction. it also means respiration can occur faster

Question 28

What are the two products of anaerobic respiration in plant cell

Answer 28

ethanol
carbon dioxide