B3.2 Transport Systems In Plants And Animals

Question 0

What does plasma do?

Answer 0

Carries cells

Question 1

What’s in blood?

Answer 1

Plasma
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Platelets

Question 2

What do the white blood cells in blood do?

Answer 2

Identify and destroy pathogens

Question 3

What do platelets in the blood do?

Answer 3

Involved in blood clotting and repair and regeneration of connective tissue

Question 4

What do red blood cells do in a the blood?

Answer 4

Transport oxygen

Question 5

How are red blood cells adapted?

Answer 5

Concave
Large SA for diffusion
Packed with haemoglobin which carries oxygen
No nucleus so more space for oxygen and haemoglobin

Question 6

Explain the path of the blood through he heart?

Answer 6

Vena cava
Right atrium 
Valve
Right ventricle
Valve
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Valve
Left ventricle 
Aorta
Body

Question 7

What do valves do?

Answer 7

Keep a one way system

Question 8

Many many times does blood go through the heart in one beat?

Answer 8

Twice

Question 9

Which side is thicker and why?

Answer 9

Left as it pumps to the whole body not just the lungs

Question 10

What’s the system of movement of blood called?

Answer 10

Double circulatory system

Question 11

What are the vessels called around the kidney?

Answer 11

Renel

Question 12

What are the vessels called around the liver?

Answer 12

Hepatic

Question 13

Does the artery have a large or small lumen and why?

Answer 13

Small

Keeps a high pressure so the blood goes all the way round the body and fast so there’s no need for valves

Question 14

Why does the artery have thick muscle and elastic fibres?

Answer 14

To keep a high pressure and so it can stretch when the blood enters

Question 15

Does the capillary have a large or small lumem?

Answer 15

Small

Question 16

What’s a collection of capillaries called?

Answer 16

Capillary bed

Question 17

What do capillaries do?

Answer 17

Connect veins and arteries

Question 18

How thick is a capillary wall?

Answer 18

One cell thick

Question 19

Does a vein have a large or small lumen and why?

Answer 19

Large
Less need for a high pressure
The blood goes slowly so they need valves and for the muscles to compress so the blood can go back up to the heart

Question 20

Does a vein have a lot or little amounts of oxygen?

Answer 20

Little amount

Question 21

What are the vein walls like?

Answer 21

Have elastic and muscle but less than an artery

Question 22

What’s a stent?

Answer 22

A metal mesh placed in a artery to open it up

Use a balloon to pump it open

Question 23

Pro’s of stents?

Answer 23

No anaesthetic needed
Used anywhere
Can release drugs

Question 24

Cons's of stents?

Answer 24

Can't be used in all cases

Question 25

What's an artificial valve?

Answer 25

Titanium or pig

Question 26

Pro's and Con's of a titanium valve?

Answer 26

They are durable and resistant to high temps | Medication are needed for life ( anticoagulants)

Question 27

Pros's and Con's of pig valves?

Answer 27

No medication needed | Only lasts 15 years

Question 28

What's a artificial heart?

Answer 28

Replaces a faulty heart while they wait for a donor | Uses air pressure to pump

Question 29

Pros's and Con's of artificial hearts?

Answer 29

No donor wait, no tissue match, no immunosuppressant drugs needed Blood can clot, large back pack, expensive, have to charge the pump, beats at a constant rate

Question 30

What's artificial blood?

Answer 30

Plasma and saline PFC's (perflurinated chemicals) Haemoglobin based products

Question 31

Pros's and Con's of using plasma and saline for blood?

Answer 31

Helps after trauma | Needs the same blood type, shortage of donors and limited storage time

Question 32

Pros's and Con's of PFC's?

Answer 32

Carries oxygen but not disease | Hard to get in blood and side effects

Question 33

Pros's and Con's of haemoglobin based products?

Answer 33

Can be from human, animal, made synthetically or from gm bacteria, carries more oxygen than normal blood and doesn't always need to be kept in a fridge Only lasts 20-30 hours, doesn't clot blood or fight diseases, same blood type, ethical issues

Question 34

What does the xylem transport?

Answer 34

Water and minerals

Question 35

What does the phloem transport?

Answer 35

Sugar