B2.7 Cell Divison And Inheritance Flashcards
What’s meiosis?
Involved in making gametes for sexual reproduction
Replicates , split, split again
What’s a stem cell?
A cell that can grow into different body cells
From bone marrow or embyos
What’s differentiation?
When a cell specialises
What are totipotent cells?
Can go into any cell
What are pluripotent cells?
Can be almost any human cell
What are multipotent cells?
Can become more than one cell
Uses of stem cells?
Burn victims
Heart attacks
Parkinson’s disease
Paralysis
Ethical issues with stem cells?
Destruction on embyos Need drugs Hard to get cells Some can form tumours Can differentiate to the wrong thing
How many chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs
What’s an allele?
A version of a particular gene
What’s a chromosome?
Large molecule of DNA
What’s a gene?
A small section of DNA used to code proteins
What’s different between genes?
Each gene codes for a particular combination of amino acids to make specific proteins
What’s homozygous?
2 of the same allies
What’s heterozygous?
2 different alleles
What’s DNA?
Base pairs with a sugar back bone
Who’s Mendel?
Peas
Characteristics came from parents
Ignored as he was a monk
What’s ploydactyly?
Extra fingers
Dominant allele
What’s genetic testing?
Analysis of DNA to see if they are a carrier
What’s embyos transplants?
Pre implantation genetic diagnose
Used with IVF
Pick a healthy embyo
Expensive, ethical, side effects, hard
What prenatal testing?
A small sample of amniotic fluid is taken and tested but there’s a chance of miscarriage and ethical issues with abortion
What’s mitosis?
Sexual cell division 2 identical cells formed For new body cells repair or asexual reproduction Copy's itself Then divides
