B3.034 - Intro To RBC Disorders Flashcards
What are nRBCs
Nucleated red blood cells
What are erythroblasts
7 day maturation time, preRBCs
What is erythropoeitin
Primary growth factor involved in erythropoeiesis
What do RBCs do
Transport oxygen
What are erythrocytes morphology
round, biconcave disk
central pallor
anucleate
eosinophilic cytoplasm
On a CBC what doe RBC tell you
total number
on a CBC what does Hgb tell you
total amount of hemoglobin
on a CBC what does Hct tell you
proportion of blood (by volume) occupied by RBCs
on a CBC what does MCV tell you
mean RBC volume/size
-cystic
On a CBC what does MCHC tell you
average amount of hemoglobin per RBC volume -chromic
on CBC what does RDW tell you
variation in RBC size
what 3 categories are defined by MCV
microcytic, normocytic, macrocytic
what 3 categories are defined by MCHC
hypochromic, normochromic, hyperchromic
what 3 categories are defined by RDW
anisocytosis
Poikilocytosis
Anisopoikilocytosis
what is anisocytosis
variation in size
what is poikilocytosis
variation of shape
what is anisopoikilocytosis
variation in size and shape
what are reticulocytes
immature RBCs containing residual RNA
aka polychormatophilic erythrocyte
how long to reticulocytes survive
1 day before maturing
what do reticulocyte levels correlated with
bone marrow erythropoietic activity
how do you visualize reticulocytes
blood smear (wright stain)
what are the practical measurements for anemia
Hgh, Hct, RBC
what are general clinical features of anemia
pallor of skin, nail beds fatigue, weakness, malaise Dyspnea on exertion syncope, headache, visual disturbances tachycardia angina cardiac failure
what are two types of hypoproliferative anemia
inadequate or ineffective production
What are types of inadequate production
bone marrow failure
bone marrow infiltration/replacement
nutritional deficiency
anemia of chronic disease
what type of -cyitic is anemia of chronic disease
microcytic
what type of -cytic is iron deficiency
micro
what labs do you want for iron deficiency
iron
transferrin
ferritin
what labs do you want for megaloblastic anemia and what type of -cytic is it
macrocytic
vitamin B12, folate
what type of disease are caused by ineffective production
myelodysplastic syndromes (macrocytic)
in anemia of blood loss what can cause sequestration
splenomegaly, hypersplenism
acute anemia due to blood loss is what type of -cytic
normocytic
what are diseases of intrinsic etiology
hemoglobinopathy thalassemia membrane abnormality RBC enzyme defects paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
what disease is an example of hemogobinopathy and is it intrinsic or extrinsic
sickle cell disease
intrinsic
what type of diseases are thalassemia disease and is it intrinsic or extrinsic, -cytic?
alpha and beta
intrinsic
microlytic
what is a diseas due to RBC enzyme defects and is it intrinsic or extrinsic
G6PD deficiency
what are diseases of extrinsic etiology
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
traumatic hemolytic anemia
infections
what are sites of hemolysis
extravascular and intravascular
what happens to reticulocyte count, EPO, and polychromasia in EH and IH
increased in both
what happens to LDH in EH and IH
increased
what happens to unconjugated bilirubin in EH and IH
increased
what happens to haptoglobin in EH and IH
EH - decreased or normal
IH - decreased
what happens to serum free hemoglobin in EH and IH
EH - absent
IH - present
what happens in urine hemoglobin in EH and IH
EH - absent
IH - present
