B3.028 - Infectious Disease Prevention And Control Flashcards
What are ID risks
Poverty Poor sanitation Population growth Poor access to drugs Drug resistance Lack of political will
What is key to prevention and control of ID
Surveillance
What is surveillance
Ongoing collection, analysis and interpretation of health data integrated with timely dissemination of data to those who need to know.
What is passive surveillance
Less accurate/complete but cheaper
People report voluntarily
What is active surveillance
People who are responsible for surveillance go into a community and actively gather data
More complete/accurate
Takes longer and is more expensive
What is the hierarchy of case based reporting
Diagnosing provider or lab —> Local HD —> State HD —> Federal agencies
What is R0
Measure of potential for transmission of a diseaes
How do you calculate R0
R0=cdp
D=duration of infectiousness
P=probability of transmission per contact
C=contacts per unit time
What happens if R0 is <1, =1 >1
<1 - will disappear
=1 - endemic
>1 - epidemic
How do you calculate attack rate
people exposed to food who become ill/# people exposed
How do you test for Lyme disease
Enzyme immunoassay
Or
Immunofluorescence assay
If EIA or IFA come back positive what do you do
If symptoms <30 days IgM and IgG western blot
If symptoms >30 days just IgG western blot
What are treatments for Lyme at prophylaxis stage, early, late, refractory
Preventive - doxycycline
Early - tetracycline
Late - IV cephalosporin
Refractory - anti inflammatory
B. Burgdorferi are naturally resistant to
Rifampin, sulfonamides, phosphomycin
