B3 - Organization and the digestive system Flashcards
What is a tissue?
A group of cells with a similar structure and function
What is an organ?
An organ is a group of tissue working together for a specific function
What is an example of an organ system?
Digestive system
What are the 3 main nutrients in food?
Carbs (eg starch) protein and lipids (fats)
How do you test for starch?
Put iodine solution to your subject and it should turn a blue/black colour
What helps break down the large food molecules?
Enzymes
Finish the sentence: In the digestive system, large food…
Molecules are digested into smaller molecules and then absorbed to the bloodstreem
What is an enzyme?
A substance that is produced in the body that acts as a catalyst and speed up a chemical reaction.
Explain how an enzyme might work
The divert in the enzyme is called the active site. The substrate (the molecule that needs to be broken down) fits into the enzyme and breaks away for the enzyme to be used again
What are proteins broken down by?
Enzymes called proteases
Where are proteases found?
Stomach pancreas and small intestine
What are proteins also known as?
Amino acids
What are the enzymes called that break down starch?
Carbohydrases
Where is amylase found?
Saliva and pancreatic fluid
What are lipids broken down?
Lipase
What is the structure of a fatty acid?
A glycerol molecule and 3 molecules of fatty acids
Where is lipase found?
Pancreatic fluid amd small intestine
What does bile do?
Increases the surface area for lipids therefore increasing the breakdown by lipase
Main sources of carbs?
Potatoes rice bread
Fruit chocolate sweets
What are carb functions?
Main source of energy
Main sources of proteins
Meat eggs cheese nuts
Main source of lipids
Butter processed meat oil seeds
Function of the mouth
Saliva begins digestion of carbs
Function of stomach
Holds the food while enzymes break it down with acids then released to the small intestine
Function of the small intestine
Continues dig of carbs and proteins and begin with lipids
What is the pancreas?
Produces digestive enzymes
Liver function?
Produces bile
Large intestine function
Water is absorbed and flushed to the anus
What is the function of the glandular tissue?
Produces digestive juices that break down the food
