B1 Flashcards
This deck has important equations, facts and points from RP needed for questions on this topic.
What is the equation used to calculate the magnification?
The equation used is: magnification equals to size of image divided by size of real object
Calculate this question: If the image size is 80m but the actual size is 20 what is the magnification size?
The answer should be 4
What is the function for the mitochondria?
The mitochondria is the site of respiration
What is the function of the chloroplasts?
The chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm is the site of chemical reactions
What is the function of the nucleus?
The nucleus is where all the DNA is stored
What are the functions of the ribsomes?
The ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
What is the function of the cellulose cell wall?
The cellulose cell wall provides strength and support
What is the function of the cell wall?
The cell wall controls what goes in and out of the cell
Which of the components are ONLY in a plant cell?
The components you only find in a plant cell are:
Chloroplasts
Large, permanent vacuole
Cellulose cell wall
What is the function of the large, permanent vacuole?
The large, permanent vacuole stores the cell sap and food
What is a eukaryotic cell?
A eukaryotic cell is an animal or plant cell and it must have:
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Genetic material in the nucleus
What is a prokaryotic cell?
A prokaryotic cell are single celled organisms. They have the same features as a eukaryotic but also include:
Flagella
Cellulose cell wall
Plasmids
What is the function of a sperm cell
A sperm cell is released from the penis to vagina and swims to fertilise the egg to make a baby
Name 3 specialisations of the sperm cell
A long tail to navigate through the reproductive system
The mitochondria provides energy for the tail
The acrosome in the head breaks down the enzymes on the outer layer of the egg
A large nucleus stores the DNA
What are nerve cells used for?
They carry electrical impulses around the body
Name 2 specialisations of the nerve cell
They have lots of dendrites to connect to other nerve cells
The axons carry nerve impulses from one place to another
What is the function of the muscle cell?
The main function of the muscle cell to to cause movement
Name 3 specialisations of the muscle cell
They contain lots of mitochondria to transfer energy
They store glycogen which is used in respiration
Contain special proteins so the fibres can contract
What is the function of a Root hair cell?
They are found close to the tips of growing roots and help take up water
Name 3 specialisations of the root hair cell
A large surface area for water to move around
A large permanent vacuole speeds up the movement of water by osmosis
Mitochondria to transfer the energy needed for active transport
What are the functions of a photosynthetic cell?
They help plants make their food
Name 2 specialisations of the photosynthetic cell
Contain chloroplast that have chlorophyll that trap the light
The vacuole keep steh cell rigid because of osmosis
What is the function of a xylem cell?
The xylem cell is a transport tissue that helps carries water and mineral ions
Name a specialisation of a xylem cell?
The spirialled ligins make the cell very strong to withstand the pressure of water moving up the plant
What is the function of the phloem cell?
The phloem cell carries the food made by photosynthesis
Name a specialisation of the phloem cell?
The sieve plates allows dissolved food to pass through
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high conc to an area of low conc
What are the 3 ways we can change the rate of diffusion?
We can change the rate of diffusion by altering the: temperature, Concentration gradient and an increase in the surface area
What will happen if we have a larger surface area?
The diffusion rate will be faster
What is meant by conc gradient?
The bigger the conc gradient (difference in conc) it means the faster diffusion will happen
How can a change in temperature affect diffusion rates?
If there’s a higher temp then particles can move at a faster rate because there is more energy
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a DILUTE solution to a CONCENTRATED solution
Is there more water in the dilute solution or concentrated solution?
Dilute solution
Is there more sugar molecules (solute) in a dilute or concentrated solution?
Concentrated solution
When doing the Osmosis required practical, what is the control variable?
The control variable is that I have to use the same potato slice size/
What would the dependent variable?
The dependant variable would be us testing the effect of osmosis on a potato slice using different concentrated solutions
How do you calculate the percentage increase?
Percentage increase is: change in value divided by original value x100
A potato has a starting mass of 1.56g and increases by 0.25g. What is the percentage increase?
19.84 to 2dp
What is active transport?
Active transport is the movement of substances aganist the conc gradient from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution
