B1

Question 1

What is the equation used to calculate the magnification?

Answer 1

The equation used is: magnification equals to size of image divided by size of real object

Question 2

Calculate this question: If the image size is 80m but the actual size is 20 what is the magnification size?

Answer 2

The answer should be 4

Question 3

What is the function for the mitochondria?

Answer 3

The mitochondria is the site of respiration

Question 4

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 4

The chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis

Question 5

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 5

The cytoplasm is the site of chemical reactions

Question 6

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 6

The nucleus is where all the DNA is stored

Question 7

What are the functions of the ribsomes?

Answer 7

The ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis

Question 8

What is the function of the cellulose cell wall?

Answer 8

The cellulose cell wall provides strength and support

Question 9

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 9

The cell wall controls what goes in and out of the cell

Question 10

Which of the components are ONLY in a plant cell?

Answer 10

The components you only find in a plant cell are:
Chloroplasts
Large, permanent vacuole
Cellulose cell wall

Question 11

What is the function of the large, permanent vacuole?

Answer 11

The large, permanent vacuole stores the cell sap and food

Question 12

What is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 12

A eukaryotic cell is an animal or plant cell and it must have:
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Genetic material in the nucleus

Question 13

What is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 13

A prokaryotic cell are single celled organisms. They have the same features as a eukaryotic but also include:
Flagella
Cellulose cell wall
Plasmids

Question 14

What is the function of a sperm cell

Answer 14

A sperm cell is released from the penis to vagina and swims to fertilise the egg to make a baby

Question 15

Name 3 specialisations of the sperm cell

Answer 15

A long tail to navigate through the reproductive system
The mitochondria provides energy for the tail
The acrosome in the head breaks down the enzymes on the outer layer of the egg
A large nucleus stores the DNA

Question 16

What are nerve cells used for?

Answer 16

They carry electrical impulses around the body

Question 17

Name 2 specialisations of the nerve cell

Answer 17

They have lots of dendrites to connect to other nerve cells

The axons carry nerve impulses from one place to another

Question 18

What is the function of the muscle cell?

Answer 18

The main function of the muscle cell to to cause movement

Question 19

Name 3 specialisations of the muscle cell

Answer 19

They contain lots of mitochondria to transfer energy
They store glycogen which is used in respiration
Contain special proteins so the fibres can contract

Question 20

What is the function of a Root hair cell?

Answer 20

They are found close to the tips of growing roots and help take up water

Question 21

Name 3 specialisations of the root hair cell

Answer 21

A large surface area for water to move around
A large permanent vacuole speeds up the movement of water by osmosis
Mitochondria to transfer the energy needed for active transport

Question 22

What are the functions of a photosynthetic cell?

Answer 22

They help plants make their food

Question 23

Name 2 specialisations of the photosynthetic cell

Answer 23

Contain chloroplast that have chlorophyll that trap the light
The vacuole keep steh cell rigid because of osmosis

Question 24

What is the function of a xylem cell?

Answer 24

The xylem cell is a transport tissue that helps carries water and mineral ions

Question 25

Name a specialisation of a xylem cell?

Answer 25

The spirialled ligins make the cell very strong to withstand the pressure of water moving up the plant

Question 26

What is the function of the phloem cell?

Answer 26

The phloem cell carries the food made by photosynthesis

Question 27

Name a specialisation of the phloem cell?

Answer 27

The sieve plates allows dissolved food to pass through

Question 28

What is diffusion?

Answer 28

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high conc to an area of low conc

Question 29

What are the 3 ways we can change the rate of diffusion?

Answer 29

We can change the rate of diffusion by altering the: temperature, Concentration gradient and an increase in the surface area

Question 30

What will happen if we have a larger surface area?

Answer 30

The diffusion rate will be faster

Question 31

What is meant by conc gradient?

Answer 31

The bigger the conc gradient (difference in conc) it means the faster diffusion will happen

Question 32

How can a change in temperature affect diffusion rates?

Answer 32

If there’s a higher temp then particles can move at a faster rate because there is more energy

Question 33

What is osmosis?

Answer 33

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a DILUTE solution to a CONCENTRATED solution

Question 34

Is there more water in the dilute solution or concentrated solution?

Answer 34

Dilute solution

Question 35

Is there more sugar molecules (solute) in a dilute or concentrated solution?

Answer 35

Concentrated solution

Question 36

When doing the Osmosis required practical, what is the control variable?

Answer 36

The control variable is that I have to use the same potato slice size/

Question 37

What would the dependent variable?

Answer 37

The dependant variable would be us testing the effect of osmosis on a potato slice using different concentrated solutions

Question 38

How do you calculate the percentage increase?

Answer 38

Percentage increase is: change in value divided by original value x100

Question 39

A potato has a starting mass of 1.56g and increases by 0.25g. What is the percentage increase?

Answer 39

19.84 to 2dp

Question 40

What is active transport?

Answer 40

Active transport is the movement of substances aganist the conc gradient from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution