B3

Question 1

Order of answer

Answer 1

Current personalisation used
Potential uses easy to implement
Food4Me study
Socio-economic concerns
Implementation issues
Barnum effect
Conclusion

Question 2

Current nutritional guidelines

Answer 2

Public health recommendations separate by age and gender

Question 3

Personalised nutrition currently in place

Answer 3

Vitamin D requirements vary depending on skin colour or lifestyle choices

Question 4

Other race and ethnicity consideration

Answer 4

BMR can be influenced by ethnicity
Asian slower BMR and would require less calories

Question 5

Could this be implemented

Answer 5

Currently this could be implemented to a nutrition table and would not cause large issues from a public health perspective as it wouldn’t take away from key messages such as we eat too much

Question 6

Rebuttal to BMR

Answer 6

When waist circumference was considered not significant difference
Highlights just how complicated it is and why careful consideration is needed before implementing messages in a public way

Question 7

Cost benefit analysis

Answer 7

In food4me there was a significant difference seen between control and personalisation.
However no difference seen between different levels of personalisation.
Suggests science just isn’t there yet for genetic and anthropometric considerations

Question 8

Socio-economic considerations

Answer 8

Current health disparities between areas are huge.
New health initiatives likely to start in london due to proximity to goverment

Question 9

Health Foundation 2022

Answer 9

Areas such as north east have worse diets resulting in more years lived in unhealthy status

Question 10

Levelling up

Answer 10

More beneficial to level up so access to nutrition advice was greater in areas that needed it most rather than focus on new initiatives like personalised nutrition

Question 11

Pros to personalised nutrition and levelling up

Answer 11

Personalised nutrition also includes considering individual socio-economic status and so it may offer the solution to help people in areas where current advice not useful for them

Question 12

Personalised nutrition lead to confusion

Answer 12

Nutritional messaging can often passed on via word of mouth and not by nutritional professionals.

Therefore if advice someone based of there own genetics and situation if this is passed onto a friend it ma not apply to them

Question 13

Why is confusion an issue

Answer 13

Lead to distrust with nutritional science as a whole.
Don’t want to risk this as know can be an effective prevention for man diseases.

Question 14

Example of how it could cause confusion

Answer 14

One person might have APOE3 and so this may mean in nutrition consultation not highlighting saturated fat as a particular risk for increasing there LDL concentration

Might pass this onto a friend who is APOE4 where it would be a concern

Question 15

Pros of personalsied nutrition

Answer 15

Lead to the barnum effect.

Because it is specifically for you more likely to comply

Question 16

Barnum effect example

Answer 16

Someone maybe physically fit but have an unhealthy diet.
May not see nutritional advice aimed at them because they are physically fit. But due to there diet it is relevant.