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NUT3009 > A1 > Flashcards

A1 Flashcards

Define personalised nutrition and discuss the factors that you would take into account when designing a personalised nutrition intervention

1
Q

Order for A1

A

Broad definition
Why personalised
Types of studies
Food4Me
What i would do

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2
Q

Personalised nutrition definition

A

When an individuals characteristics are considered to produce targeted advice

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3
Q

Why Personalised nutrition

A

Idea is each person is unique and as such they require different nutritional interventions

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4
Q

Characteristics to consider

A

Preferences
Goals
Age
Ethnicity
Microbiome
Genotype
Phenotype

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5
Q

Genotype

A

DNA sequence an individual has

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6
Q

Phenotype

A

How are genes are expressed through observational traits

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7
Q

How doe nutrients interact with genes

A

Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics
Interact with genes to present our phenotype

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7
Q

Nutrigenetics

A

How genetics impacts the way with digest and process nutrients

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7
Q

Nutrigenetics example

A

Example would be FTO region
Increases risk of obesity

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8
Q

Nutrigenomics

A

How nutrients interact with genes for them to be expressed

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9
Q

Nutrigenomics example

A

DNA methylation

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10
Q

Current Public Health Nutritional Advice

A

One size fits all
Eat well plate

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11
Q

Issues with current nutritional advice

A

NCDs and Obesity continue to increase

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12
Q

Why has personalised nutrition grown in recent years

A

Human genome project unlocked potential
Brands such as Zoe have brought awareness of personalised nutrition to the public

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13
Q

Historical example of personalised nutrition

A

Aztecs noticed PKU due to effect it had on urine colour

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14
Q

Types of personalised nutrition studies

A

Observational
GWAS studies
Randomised control trials
Systematic and meta-analysis reviews

15
Q

Observational studies

A

Longitudinal
Prospective cohort
Cross sectional
Find relationship between genotypes and diet/ health status

16
Q

GWAS studies

A

Genome wide association study
Large observational that tracks lots of genomes and health traits.
Can use GWAS to confirm findings from other observational studies

17
Q

Randomised control trial

A

Investigate how gene associations seen in observational work in a practical sense
Confirm hypothesis for mechanisms
Allows for more control and doesn’t rely on recall bias as much.
Parallel or crossover

18
Q

Systematic and meta-anlaysis

A

Look at lots of different studies to summarise and understand findings

19
Q

Food4Me study methodology

A

Personalised nutrition across 7 different countries
Advice given online
One control group 3 different personalised groups
Randomised control parallel study

20
Q

Personalisation Food4Me

A
  1. Preferences
  2. Preferences and anthropometric measurements
  3. Preferences, anthropometric and genetic information
21
Q

How was genetic information used food4me

A

Before the trial researchers agreed on which genes they would look at for determining personalisation using most up to date research at the time

22
Q

Findings of Food4me

A

Personalisation helped loose weight compared with control
However, there was no differences between the three different levels of personalisation

22
Q

Cons of food4me study

A

Control group was clearly generic advice
If person signed up for study hoping for personalised advice unlikely to respond to clear generic advice

23
Q

If i was to do a study

A

Randomised control trial parallel
Control group receive information in same format as personalised group and have same level of interaction with researchers
Pre-determine what genes to focus on prior to trial
Complete a longevity study as current research has mostly focused on shorter studies

NUT3009 (8 decks)

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