B2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is EGUS? How many types exist?

A

Equine gastric ulcer syndrome

  1. equine squamous gastric disease which can be primary or secondary
  2. equine glandular gastric disease
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2
Q

What does it mean when we say “equine squamous gastric disease which can be primary”?

A

Management of nutrition

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3
Q

What does it mean when we say “equine squamous gastric disease which can be primary”?

A

Management of nutrition

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4
Q

What does it mean when we say “equine squamous gastric disease which can be secondary”?

A

delayed gastric emptying

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5
Q

What is equine squamous gastric disease?

A

ESDG

non-glandular part is not protected against hydrochloric acid and peptic ulcers are typical here and are usually related to nutrition causing abnormal HCl production, causing a low pH.

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6
Q

Which horses are more prone to develop the equine squamous gastric disease?

A

Racehorses, horses that train on an empty stomach and horses that are fed unregularly

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7
Q

Why are racehorses more prone to get the equine squamous gastric disease?

A

they are fed low-fibre hay and large amounts of concentrates (starch and sugars) which requires a low amount of chewing → less saliva produced for buffering → low pH.

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8
Q

Why are horses that train on an empty stomach more prone to get the equine squamous gastric disease?

A

It can lead to increased pressure in the stomach and splashing of the gastric acid to the non-glandular area

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9
Q

Why are horses that are fed less prone to the equine squamous gastric disease?

A

Because horses that aren’t fed, will fill the stomach will acid, which will reach the non-glandular part

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10
Q

What is equine glandular gastric disease?

A

Ulcers of the glandular stomach is usually secondary to other primary intrinsic factors

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11
Q

Name other primary intrinsic factors of equine glandular gastric disease:

A
  1. Circulation disorders
  2. Abnormal prostaglandin levels
  3. Oesophageal rupture
  4. Reflux from small intestine containing bile acids
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12
Q

What are clinical signs of equine gastric ulcer?

A
  1. Colic signs
  2. loss of appetite
  3. recumbent
  4. weight loss
  5. poor performance
  6. aggressive or nervous behaviour.
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13
Q

How much roughage/pasture would you give a horse with equine gastric ulcer?

A

Pasture for 16+ hours/day

1.5 kg/100 kgBW

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14
Q

How much CP would you give a horse with equine gastric ulcer?

A

17-20%

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15
Q

How much Ca would you give a horse with equine gastric ulcer?

A

6-14 mg/kg DM

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16
Q

What type of roughage will you give?

A

Aflalfa

It increases calcium, protein and phosphate as a buffer.

17
Q

What is dysbiosis?

A

An imbalance of the microorganisms within the gut

18
Q

What causes dysbiosis?

A

Caused by excess grain/high starch feeds.

19
Q

How is dysbiosis treated?

A

Treatment includes probiotics or the caecal contents of a healthy horse to build up the microflora.

20
Q

what can cause diarhoea?

A

Change in absorption capacity of the intestines, often seen in older horses, in use of antibiotics, infections, parasites, ingestion of sand

21
Q

What are impactions, and which types excist?

A

obstructions in the bowel

Can be gastric, ileac, caecal or in large colin (which os more common)

22
Q

How to treat impactions:

A
  • Analgesics or laxatives via nasogastric tube
  • Hold back feed until impaction cured
  • Psyllium pellets help improve transit time because of water soluble fibre, causing swelling of fibre and VFA production
23
Q

What is advised to do post-treatment of impaction?

A

Give good quality hay not too high in fibre, and highly digestible fibre such as growing grass and legumes

24
Q

How to prevent impaction:

A

Dental care
Fresh water at all times
Good quality hay
Regular exercise