B1

Question 1

What is lamnitis?

Answer 1

inflammation and damage of the tissue in the hoof

Question 2

How is feed associated with lamnitis?

Answer 2

If a horse feeds in a high amount of carbohydrates, the fermentation occur in the colon and leads to a high lactic acid production.

The high lactic acid production will decreased the intraliuminal pH and increase the intestinal permeability and osmotic pressure.

This can cause a high glucaemix index in the blood and a higher than normal insulin response. If this last for a longer time, the insulin receptors will cause insulin resistance which can damage the laminae in the hoof and cause in inflammation

Question 3

What can lamnitits occur from?

Answer 3

1. EMS: Equine Metabolic syndrome
2. Altered hormones
3. Equine cushings disease
4. Obesity
5. Dressage horses
6. Lack of excersise
7. Chronic starvation
8. Genetic predisposition
9. High intake of non-strucutral carbohydrates

Question 4

How can obesity cause lamnitis?

Answer 4

Horses who have 24hour access to gracing, will consume 5% of the BW.
It can cause an increase in glycaemic index in the blood which will increase the glucose, causing an increase in insulin and eventually causing resistance

Question 5

How can lack of excercise cause lamnitis?

Answer 5

when the muscles move regularly, more glucose is taken up from the blood and this increases the body’s sensitivity to insulin and the body will adapt to this.
Lack of exercise therefore, means a lack of insulin sensitivity.

Question 6

what is insulin resistance?

Answer 6

The normal insulin levels do not remove the glucose from the blood, meaning more insulin is produced by the pancreas causing hyperinsulinemia.

Question 7

What can hyperinsulinemia cause?

Answer 7

Vasoconstriction, which is a greater abundance of adhesion molecules on the epithelial surface of laminar vessels