B19-21 Definitions

Question 1

Genetic engineering

Answer 1

Changing the genetic material of an organism by removing, changing or inserting individual genes

Question 2

Population

Answer 2

A group of organisms of one species, living in the same area, at the same time

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

All of the populations of different species in an ecosystem

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

A unit containing the community of organisms and their environment, interacting together, eg. a decomposing log, or a lake

Question 5

Food chain

Answer 5

A diagram showing the transfer of energy from one organism to the next, beginning with a producer

Question 6

Trophic level

Answer 6

The position of an organism in a food chain, food web, pyramid of numbers or pyramid of biomass

Question 7

Food web

Answer 7

A network of interconnected food chains

Question 8

Producer

Answer 8

An organism that makes its own organic nutrients, usually using energy from sunlight, through photosynthesis

Question 9

Consumer

Answer 9

An organism that gets its energy by feeding on other organisms

Question 10

Herbivore

Answer 10

An animal that gets its energy by eating plants

Question 11

Carnivore

Answer 11

An animal that gets its energy by eating other organisms

Question 12

Decomposer

Answer 12

An organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic material

Question 13

Sustainable resource

Answer 13

One that is produced as rapidly as it is removed from the environment so that it does not run out

Question 14

Sustainable development

Answer 14

Development providing for the needs of an increasing human population without harming the environment