B15 Ecology Flashcards
Species meaning
Animals that are the same species can breed together to produce fertile offspring.
Community meaning
A collection of plants and animals that share a habitat
Competition meaning
A situation where different organisms require the same resources
Interdependence meaning
A word that describes how organisms rely on each other.
Habitat meaning
The place where an organism lives
Biotic meaning
Living things
Eg-Organisms that cannot defend against predators will possibly be wiped out
Population meaning
The number of organisms of a certain species living in a habitat
Abiotic meaning
Non-living things:
Eg-Temperature limits photosynthesis and limits growth in plants. In cold areas, plants are very small.
What do you call the investigation where you look at nature from light to dark?
Systematic sampling
What is an ecosystem?
An ecosystem is the interaction of a community of living organisms with the non-living parts of the environment.
What is a stable community?
A stable is one where all the species and environmental population sizes remain fairly consistant
Abiotic factors that may affect communities of organisms include:
- Light Intensity
- Temperature
- Moisture levels
- Soil pH and mineral content
- Wind intensity and direction
- The carbon dioxide levels for plants
- The availability of oxygen for aquatic animals
Biotic factors that may affect communities of organisms include:
- Availability of food
- New pathogens
- New competitors
Name competitions in animals and how they get past it
Animals compete with each other for food, territory and mates.
They overcome this by adapting to their surroundings.
Name competitors in plants and how they overcome it.
Plants often compete with each other for light, space, water, and mineral ions from the soil.
Plants have adapted to overcome this by wrapping round trees to reach the top or have larger roots
What do organisms need to survive and reproduce?
They need a supply of materials from their surroundings and from the other living organisms in their habitat.
Organisms such as microorganisms, have features that enable them to survive in the conditions in which they normally live.
What type of adaptions would occur to animals?
These may be structural, behavioural or functional (animals)
What type of adaptions would occur to animals?
These may be structural, behavioural or functional (plants)
Examples of Abiotic?
- Wind intensity
- Temperature
- Soil pH
- Light intensity
Examples in Biotic
- Pathogens
- Predators
What do animals compete for?
Animals compete for food, territory and mates.
What do planta compete for?
Plants compete for light, space, water and minerals from the soil
What do adaptions do?
Adaption allow animals and plants to live in areas that are new to them. These adaptions may be Behavioural, Structural or Functional
