B11 Hormones

Question 1

what is a hormone?

Answer 1

A hormone is a chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs.

Question 2

what is a gland?

Answer 2

A gland is an organ in the human or animal body which secretes particular chemical substances for use in the body or for discharge into the surroundings.

Question 3

what is a target organ?

Answer 3

A target organ is a specific organ on which a hormone, drug, or other substance acts.

Question 4

compare the actions of the nervous system to the actions of the hormonal system (speed, length of response, how the messages travel etc)

Answer 4

•The nervous system can respond quickly to stimuli, through the use of action potentials and neurotransmitters.
Responses to nervous system stimulation are typically quick but short lived.

•The endocrine system is a network of glands in your body that make the hormones that help cells “talk” or send a message to each other. They’re responsible for almost every cell, organ, and function in your body.

Question 5

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 5

Type 1 diabetes is when your body does not produce insulin. Without insulin, your blood glucose concentration is not controlled. Without insulin your body glucose levels get very high after you eat. Eventually your kidneys excrete glucose in urine.

Question 6

What causes type 1 diabetes?

Answer 6

The body’s immune system attacks and destroys cells that produce insulin.

Question 7

How is type 1 diabetes treated

Answer 7

Type 1 diabetes is treated by replacing insulin before meals. Insulin is a protein that would be digested in your mouth, so it is usually given in an injection.
Doctors can transplant a pancreas however the operation is difficult and risky. Only a few hundred pancreas transplant take place every year.

Question 8

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 8

Type 2 diabetes is where the body does not produce enough insulin, or the body’s cells do not react to insulin.

Type 2 diabetes is much more common than type 1.

Question 9

What causes type 2 diabetes?

Answer 9

Type 2 diabetes is another very common type of diabetes. It gets more common as people get older and is often linked to obesity, lack of exercise or both.

Question 10

How is type 2 diabetes treated?

Answer 10

This can be treated by
-eating healthily,
-losing weight
-exercise.
Type 2 diabetes usually affects older people. However, it is becoming more and more common im young people who are very overweight