B14 Flashcards
Where is the pituitary gland located
Brain
What is the endocrine system?
System of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
How do the effects of the Endocrine system compared to those of the nervous system?
Endocrine system effects are slower but act for longer
Which organ monitors and controls blood glucose concentration
Pancreas
Which hormone interact to regulate blood glucose levels
Insulin and glucagon
What is the cause of type one diabetes?
Pancreas produces insufficient insulin
What is the cause of type two diabetes?
Body cells, no longer respond to insulin
What is the function of the kidneys?
Filter and reabsorb useful substances from the blood, and produce urine to excrete, excess water, ions and urea
How are excess amino acid excreted from the body?
Deaminated to form ammonia in the liver, ammonia is converted to urea and excreted
Which hormone controls the water level in the body
ADH
How is kidney failure treated?
Organ transplant or kidney dialysis
What is the function of FSH
Causes eggs to mature in the ovaries, and stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen
What is the function of LH
Stimulates the release of an egg
What is the function of oestrogen?
Causes lining of the uterus wall to thicken
What are the methods of hormonal contraception?
Oral contraceptives, an injection, implant, skin patch
State the disadvantages of IVF treatment
Emotionally and physically stressful
Low success rate
Can lead to risky multiple births
What is the function of adrenaline in the body?
Increase heart rate and boost delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain and muscles to repair the body for fight or flight
What is the function of throxine in the body?
Stimulate basal metabolic rate so is important for growth and development
What is geotrophism
Orientation and growth of plants in response to gravity
What is phototropism
Orientation and growth of plan in response to light
What are the uses of gibberellins in agriculture?
End seed dormancy, promote flowering and increase fruit size
