B13

Question 1

What is the function of the nervous system?

Answer 1

Enables organisms to react to the surroundings and coordinator behaviour

Question 2

What are the two parts of the central nervous system?

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord

Question 3

Why are reflex actions described as rapid and automatic?

Answer 3

They do not involve the conscious part of the brain

Question 4

Why are reflex actions important?

Answer 4

For survival and to prevent damage to the body

Question 5

Give the pathway of a nervous response

Answer 5

Stimulus, receptor, coordinator, effector, response

Question 6

Give the function of the cerebral cortex

Answer 6

Outer layer of the brain playing an important role in consciousness

Question 7

What is the function of the medulla oblongata

Answer 7

Part of the brain above the spinal cord that controls breathing and heart rate

Question 8

Give the function of the cerebellum

Answer 8

Part at the back of the brain involved in coordinating muscle activity

Question 9

Why is it difficult to treat brain disorders

Answer 9

The brain is very complex and delicate

Question 10

What is a synapse

Answer 10

Gap between two neurons, allowing impulses to cross

Question 11

What is the function of neurones?

Answer 11

Electrical impulses around the body

Question 12

What is homeostasis?

Answer 12

Maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 13

Give 3 internal conditions, controlled in homeostasis

Answer 13

Body temperature, blood glucose concentration, and water levels

Question 14

Give three things all control systems include

Answer 14

Receptors, coordination centres and effectors

Question 15

What is accommodation?

Answer 15

Process of changing the shape of the lens to focus on near a distant objects

Question 16

Give two common defects of the eye

Answer 16

Myopia(shortsightedness)
Hyperopia (long, sightedness)

Question 17

How can eye defects be treated?

Answer 17

Spectacle lenses, contact lenses, laser surgery, and replacement lenses in the eye

Question 18

Where is the body temperature monitored and controlled

Answer 18

Thermo regularity centre in the brain

Question 19

What happens if body temperature is too high

Answer 19

Blood vessels dilate (vasodilation) and sweat is produced

Question 20

What happens if body temperature is too low

Answer 20

Blood vessels constrict (vasoconstriction) sweating stops and shivering takes place

Question 21

What is the function of the nervous system?

Answer 21

Enables organisms to react to their surroundings and coordinator behaviour