B1.3.3 Anaerobic Respiration Flashcards
What is anaerobic respiration?
Anaerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
State the reactant and product of anaerobic respiration in animals:
Glucose —> lactic acid
What is oxygen debt?
-The extra oxygen you inhale reacts with the lactic acid, breaking it down.
-The oxygen needed for this process is called the oxygen debt.
Explain why athletes need to breathe more heavily after strenuous exercise:
Since the extra oxygen inhaled whilst breathing more heavily reacts with the lactic acid produced after the anaerobic respiration to break it down
Anaerobic respiration in microorganisms and other plant cells produce ethanol and carbon dioxide. What is this processs called?
Fermentation
What is the word equation for fermentation?
Glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is the symbol equation for fermentation?
C6H12O6 —> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Explain how yeast turns glucose into alcohol during beer production: (3)
As yeast is a microorganism, when anaerobic respiration takes place it is called fermentation.
This process means that ethanol and carbon dioxide are produced instead of lactic acid.
Reacting with yeast enzymes turns the glucose into beer.
State one difference and one similarity between anaerobic respiration in animals and in plants.
SIMILARITY:
Glucose is the reactant in both processes.
DIFFERENCE:
In animals, lactic acid is the product, but for plants, ethanol and carbon dioxide are produced.
Compare the processes of anaerobic and aerobic respiration (3)
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration differ because oxygen is only required in aerobic, and not anaerobic.
This then means that the glucose molecules in anaerobic respiration are’t fully broken down, like they are in aerobic respiration.
This leads to poisonous lactic acid to be produced, instead of carbon dioxide and water.
Explain the process of energy transfer during strenuous exercise: (6)
During strenuous exercise, your heart rate can’t increase high enough to meet the demand of oxygen your body needs. So, anaerobic respiration takes over.
This is where energy is transferred from it’s chemical store in glucose to the rest of the body for a short period of time. The glucose molecules, however, aren’t entirely broken down, so lactic acid is produced.
After the exercise is finished, you continue to breathe heavily in order to fill the oxygen debt
And the additional oxygen breaks down the lactic acid and aerobic respiration can resume.
Where does it take place
The cytoplasm
Why does anaerobic respiration take place here instead?
It takes place in the cytoplasm since most anaerobic cells do not have specialized organelles
