B1.3 Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids Flashcards
What is metabolic rate?
The speed at which your cells transfer energy from chemical stores in food
Which is a monomer, glucose or starch?
Glucose
What are carbohydrates?
Some are polymers, made from smaller carbohydrate molecules like sugars
Name two examples of different sugars
- sucrose, to make cakes
- lactose, found in milk
What is starch an example of?
A carbohydrate polymer, synthesised from glucose monomers
Which enzymes break down carbohydrates?
Carbohydrase
Which enzyme breaks down starch?
Amylase
What are proteins? (3)
Proteins are also polymers
They are formed from amino acids
The order in which the amino acids are joined,determines the protein synthesised
Which enzymes break down proteins into amino acids?
Protease
What is the difference between the synthesis and breakdown of a protein?
The synthesis is when the protein is formed by the amino acids, and the breakdown is when the protein is being separated into amino acids.
What are lipids?
The fats and oils that are eaten
As well as being a good store of energy, what do some animals use them for?
Insulation and buoyancy
What are lipids synthesised from?
Three fatty acid molecules and a glycerol molecule
Which enzyme breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol?
Lipase
