B11//2 Flashcards
what trigger the development of secondary sexual characteristics
ovaries and testes produce sex hormones
what is the main female hormone
oestrogen produce by ovaries
what are some female secondary sexual characteristics
growth spurt
underarm and pubic hair
breast development
skin darkens
what is the menstrual cycle
each month, eggs begin to mature in the ovary and the uterus produces a thickened lining ready for pregnancy
every 28 days a mature egg is released (ovulation)
what does the follicle stimulating hormone do
released by pituitary gland
makes egg mature in their follicles in the ovaries
stimulates ovaries to produce hormones
what does the luteinising hormone do
secreted by pituitary gland
stimulates release of a mature egg
what does oestrogen
secreted by ovaries in response to FSH
stimulates the lining of the uterus to grow again after menstruation for pregnancy
inhibits production of FSH and stimulates release of LH
what are some secondary sexual characteristics of males
growth spurt
pubic and underarm hair
facial hair
larynx gets bigger and voice deepens
testes grow and become active
what does progesterone do
secreted by the empty egg after ovulation
helps maintain a pregnancy if the egg is fertilised
inhibits FSH and LH
maintains lining of uterus in second half of the cycle
what happens after 14 days of the menstrual cycle
if the egg isn’t fertilised, the lining of the uterus along with the egg is shed
how do oral contraceptives work
contain hormones to inhibit FSH production so no egg matures
how dies the mixed pill work
contains low doses of oestrogen with some progesterone
how is lack of FSH treated
artificial FSH can be used as a fertility drug
why are doses of FSH and LH controlled
to decrease risk of multiple births
what is IVF
giving a mother FSH to stimulate the maturation of several eggs followed by LH
the eggs are collected and fertilised by sperm in a lab
the embryos are inspected and only healthy ones are taken
