B1 - Understanding Ourselves Flashcards

Question 1

Q

B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Why is cholesterol a cause of heart disease?

Answer

A

Cholesterol builds up in arteries. Forms plaque which restricts or blocks blood flow.

Question 2

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer

A

Having 2 different alleles for a certain characteristic.

Question 3

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is the job of the pupil?

Answer

A

Let light get through to back of eye.

Question 4

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Where are chromosomes found?

Answer

A

In nucleus of a cell

Question 5

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What are essential amino acids?

Answer

A

Ones body cannot make by transamination (22 amino acids, 9 essential).

Question 6

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Ones body cannot make by transamination (22 amino acids, 9 essential).

Answer

A

What are essential amino acids?

Question 7

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Electrical signals travelling along neurones

Answer

A

What are nerve impulses?

Question 8

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

White blood cells which engulf and then digest pathogens

Answer

A

What are Phagocytes?

Question 9

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Ciliary muscles relax. Suspensory ligaments tighten. Lens becomes more concave (thinner).

Answer

A

What does the eye do to see distant objects?

Question 10

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Having half the number of chromosomes/unpaired (e.g. Gametes)

Answer

A

What is a haploid?

Question 11

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What does recessive mean?

Answer

A

The allele that only has an effect when homozygous.

Question 12

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is active immunity?

Answer

A

Body makes its own antibodies following exposure to antigen - either by catching disease or through vaccination.

Question 13

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Name some Class C drugs…

Answer

A

Anabolic steroids and tranquilisers.

Question 14

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What does the cornea do?

Answer

A

Refracts light

Question 15

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

flu (Influenza)

Answer

A

What is an example of a disease caused by viruses?

Question 16

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Contain all the essential amino acids. Source = animals

Answer

A

What are first class proteins?

Question 17

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is a vector?

Answer

A

Animal which carries micro-organisms that cause disease. It is not affected by disease.

Question 18

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is an example of a disease caused by fungi?

Answer

A

Athlete’s foot

Question 19

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is an example of a disease caused by protozoa?

Answer

A

Dysentery

Question 20

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Convex lens or laser surgery

Answer

A

What is the solution for long sightedness?

Question 21

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Motor Neurones and Sensory Neurones

Answer

A

What makes up the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

Question 22

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is body image?

Answer

A

How you feel about yourself - what you see when you look in mirror.

Question 23

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is a gene?

Answer

A

A short length of DNA controlling an organism’s characteristics.

Question 24

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Animal which carries micro-organisms that cause disease. It is not affected by disease.

Answer

A

What is a vector?

Question 25

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Concave lens or laser surgery

Answer

A

What is the solution to short sightedness?

Question 26

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What can plant hormones be used for comercially?

Answer

A

Selective weedkillers, rooting powder, ripening fruit and controlling dormancy.

Question 27

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Controls fine focus

Answer

A

What does the lens do?

Question 28

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

How quickly heart and breathing rates return to normal after exercise.

Answer

A

What is cardiovascular efficiency?

Question 29

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Blood vessels on surface constrict so less heat can be transferred from blood to surroundings.

Answer

A

What is vasoconstriction?

Question 30

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What factors decrease blood pressure?

Answer

A

A balanced diet and regular exercise.

Question 31

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What are the effects of high blood pressure?

Answer

A

Burst blood vessels which can cause a stroke or kidney failure.

Question 32

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What are reflexes?

Answer

A

Fast - shorter distance for impulse to travel. Automatic - no thinking involved.

Question 33

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What do the ciliary muscles do?

Answer

A

Changes shape of lens

Question 34

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is gibberellin?

Answer

A

Hormone which breaks dormancy in plants and allows seeds to germinate.

Question 35

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is a diploid?

Answer

A

Having paired chromosomes (e.g. In the body)

Question 36

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Where we have antibodies to fight pathogens

Answer

A

What is immunity?

Question 37

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

The allele that has an effect both in homozygous and heterozygous conditions.

Answer

A

What does dominant mean?

Question 38

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Anabolic steroids and tranquilisers.

Answer

A

Name some Class C drugs…

Question 39

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is the systolic reading?

Answer

A

High reading - when heart contracts

Question 40

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What are bases?

Answer

A

They determine the type fo gene, depending on the order of them.

Question 41

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is auxin?

Answer

A

Plant hormones which control growth and cause cell elongation.

Question 42

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Cholera

Answer

A

What is an example of a disease caused by bacteria?

Question 43

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What are the combinations for cystic fibrosis?

Answer

A

(recessive disease) CC - normal/disease free Cc - carrier cc - Have cystic fibrosis

Question 44

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

A different form of the gene for the same characteristic.

Answer

A

What is an allele?

Question 45

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Slow down virus development but do not kill them.

Answer

A

What do antivirals do?

Question 46

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

An organism’s outward appearance.

Answer

A

What is a phenotype?

Question 47

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Heroin, LSD, Ecstasy, Cocaine.

Answer

A

Name some Class A drugs…

Question 48

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is negative phototropism?

Answer

A

Roots grow away from light source.

Question 49

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

How does smoking increase blood pressure?

Answer

A

Nicotine increases heart rate. Carbon monoxide binds irreversibly to haemoglobin in red blood cells, reducing oxygen intake and heart beats faster to compensate.

Question 50

Q

B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is a haploid?

Answer

A

Having half the number of chromosomes/unpaired (e.g. Gametes)

Question 51

Q

B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is the solution to short sightedness?

Answer

A

Concave lens or laser surgery

Question 52

Q

B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is passive immunity?

Answer

A

Antibody is produced in another animal and then injected into patient.

Question 53

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Having two identical alleles for a characteristic.

Answer

A

What does homozygous mean?

Question 54

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

0.6 x body mass (kg)

Answer

A

How do you calculate Estimated Average daily Requirement (EAR) of protein?

Question 55

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is an example of a disease caused by viruses?

Answer

A

flu (Influenza)

Question 56

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What is positive phototropism?

Answer

A

Growing/bending towards light. (Applies to shoot)

Question 57

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Eating disorders

Answer

A

What can poor self image lead to?

Question 58

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

How do you calculate Estimated Average daily Requirement (EAR) of protein?

Answer

A

0.6 x body mass (kg)

Question 59

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

The allele that only has an effect when homozygous.

Answer

A

What does recessive mean?

Question 60

Q

B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Responding to a stimulus

Answer

A

What is tropism?

Question 61

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

Name some Class B drugs…

Answer

A

Cannabis and Amphetamine (speed)

Question 62

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

To make seeds germinate at certain times of year.

Answer

A

How do commercial farmers use gibberellin?

Question 63

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B1 - Understanding Ourselves

What are the effects of low blood pressure?

Answer

A

Poor circulation, dizziness and fainting.

Question 64

Q

B1 - Understanding Ourselves

The genes that an organism contains.

Answer

A

What is a genotype?

Answer 65

A

White blood cells which produce antibodies which lock on to antigens on outside of pathogen to de-activate them.

Answer 66

A

Blood vessels on surface constrict so less heat can be transferred from blood to surroundings.

Answer 67

A

What does the retina do?

Answer 68

A

What is a synapse?

Answer 69

A

Being free from disease and infection

Answer 70

A

Detects the light

Answer 71

A

What are reflexes?

Answer 72

A

What are the 4 S’s?

Answer 73

A

What is body image?

Answer 74

A

What is the systolic reading?

Answer 75

A

What is the diastolic reading?

Answer 76

A

What is passive immunity?

Answer 77

A

What are the stages of the reflex arc?

Answer 78

A

What is blood pressure measured in?

Answer 79

A

Stimulus, receptor, sensory neurone, CNS (relay neurone), motor neurone, effector, response.

Answer 80

A

Electrical signals travelling along neurones

Answer 81

A

What is vasodilation?

Answer 82

A

White blood cells which engulf and then digest pathogens

Answer 83

A

What are bases?

Answer 84

A

body mass ÷ (height)²

Answer 85

A

What does the optic nerve do?

Answer 86

A

In the tip of the shoot

Answer 87

A

What are the combinations for Huntington’s disease?

Answer 88

A

What is positive geotropism?

Answer 89

A

What are the combinations for cystic fibrosis?

Answer 90

A

How do the eyes judge distance?

Answer 91

A

Having two identical alleles for a characteristic.

Answer 92

A

Why is cholesterol a cause of heart disease?

Answer 93

A

Where we have antibodies to fight pathogens

Answer 94

A

Conversion in liver of one amino acid into another.

Answer 95

A

Heroin, LSD, Ecstasy, Cocaine.

Answer 96

A

Low reading - when heart is filling

Answer 97

A

What factors increase blood pressure?

Answer 98

A

How quickly heart and breathing rates return to normal after exercise.

Answer 99

A

An organism’s outward appearance.

Answer 100

A

What are the effects of high blood pressure?

Answer 101

A

What is positive phototropism?

Answer 102

A

On dark side of plant and causes plant to bend towards light.

Answer 103

A

Convex lens or laser surgery

Answer 104

A

Fibres holding lens in position

Answer 105

A

Name some Class B drugs…

Answer 106

A

How does smoking increase blood pressure?

Answer 107

A

Eating disorders

Answer 108

A

What is a diploid?

Answer 109

A

A gap between two neurones

Answer 110

A

A different form of the gene for the same characteristic.

Answer 111

A

What is gibberellin?

Answer 112

A

Stress, smoking, alcohol, being over weight.

Answer 113

A

What is the equation to calculate BMI?

Answer 114

A

What are second class proteins?

Answer 115

A

What do sensory neurones do?

Answer 116

A

Proteins which do not contain all essential amino acids. Source = plants

Answer 117

A

What is the job of the pupil?

Answer 118

A

What is an example of a disease caused by fungi?

Answer 119

A

What is a gene?

Answer 120

A

Strength, speed, stamina, suppleness (agility/flexibility)

Answer 121

A

Controls fine focus

Answer 122

A

mmHg - millimetres of mercury

Answer 123

A

Binocular Vision - Eyes see slightly different images because they are a few cm apart. Brain compares two - more similar, further away object is.

Answer 124

A

What does fit mean?

Answer 125

A

Shoots grow up against gravity.

Answer 126

A

How well physical tasks can be performed

Answer 127

A

Responding to a stimulus

Answer 128

A

What does the iris do?

Answer 129

A

Carry impulses from receptor to CNS.

Answer 130

A

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 131

A

What is auxin?

Answer 132

A

What factors decrease blood pressure?

Answer 133

A

To make seeds germinate at certain times of year.

Answer 134

A

What is Transamination?

Answer 135

A

Where are chromosomes found?

Answer 136

A

What do the suspensory ligaments do?

Answer 137

A

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer 138

A

Motor Neurones and Sensory Neurones

Answer 139

A

What does the cornea do?

Answer 140

A

Where does auxin gather and what happens to the plant?

Answer 141

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

Answer 142

A

Roots of a plant grow down in response to gravity.

Answer 143

A

What does healthy mean?

Answer 144

A

What is active immunity?

Answer 145

A

Contain all the essential amino acids. Source = animals

Answer 146

A

(dominant disease) Hh - Have disease hh - Disease-free

Answer 147

A

The genes that an organism contains.

Answer 148

A

Carry impulses from CNS to effector.

Answer 149

A

What is negative geotropism?

Answer 150

A

What does the eye do to see near objects?

Answer 151

A

What do motor neurones do?

Answer 152

A

Controls amount of light let through

Answer 153

A

What can plant hormones be used for comercially?

Answer 154

A

Slow down virus development but do not kill them.

Answer 155

A

Ciliary muscles relax. Suspensory ligaments tighten. Lens becomes more concave (thinner).

Answer 156

A

What is an example of a disease caused by protozoa?

Answer 157

A

Increases risk of heart attacks if they have a thrombosis/blood clot.

Answer 158

A

What makes up the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Answer 159

A

Blood vessels widen allowing more blood to flow near surface so more heat can radiate to surroundings.

Answer 160

A

Ciliary muscles contract. Suspensory ligaments slacken. Lens becomes more convex (fatter).

Answer 161

A

What do the ciliary muscles do?

Answer 162

A

What are the effects of low blood pressure?

Answer 163

A

What is negative phototropism?

Answer 164

A

Why is cholesterol even more dangerous in the coronary artery?

Answer 165

A

The allele that has an effect both in homozygous and heterozygous conditions.

Answer 166

A

Where is auxin produced?

Answer 167

A

Sends messages to brain

Answer 168

A

What can a lack of vitamin C lead to?