B1 - Cells and Transport Flashcards
What does the Nucleus do?
The nucleus controlls all activities of the cell and is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.
What is Cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm is a liquid gel in which the organelles are suspended and where most of the chemical reactions needed for life take place.
What is the Cell Membrane?
The cell membrane controls the passage of substances such as glucose and mineral ions into the cell. It also controls the movement of substances such as urea or hormones out of the cell.
What is the Mitochondria?
The mitochrondria structures in the cytoplasm where aerobic respiration takes place, releasing energy for the cell. They are very small: 1-2 micrometres in length and only 0.2-0.7 micrometres in diameter.
What is the Ribosomes?
The ribosomes is where protein synthesis takes place, making all the proteins needed in the cell.
What is the Cell Wall?
The cell wall strengthens the cell and gives it support.
What is Chlorophyll?
Chlorophyll absorbs light so the plant can make food by photosynthesis. Each chloroplast is around 3-5 micrometres long. Root cells do mot have chloroplasts because they are underground and do not photosynthesise.
What is the Permanent Vacuole?
The permanent vacuole - the cytoplasm filled with cell sap. This is important for keeping the cells rigid to support the plant.
What is the eyepiece lens in a microscope?
This is the part you look through and usually has a magnification of x10.
What is the Coarse Focusing Wheel?
The wheel to move the stage up or down to change focus.
What is the Fine Focusing Wheel?
The wheel that makes the focus precise.
What is the Objective Lens?
The magnification the specimen on the slide
x4 = low power x10 = medium power x40 = long power
What is the Stage?
This is used to hold what is trying to be seen or viewed and to clip the slide.
What is the Mirror / Light Source?
The light that shines through the specimen