Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL2022- Immunology, Infection & Inflammation > B cell lecture 2 > Flashcards

B cell lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

B cell development and maturation

A

Pro B cell -> Pre-B cell -> Immature B cell
(Mature VDJ is complete)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

B lymphocyte development in the periphery

A

Mature B cell
-> antigen stimulation
Activated B cell
->Differentiation
->IgM secreting plasma cells -> IgM Plasma cells secreting various isotypes
Memory B cells of various isotypes
IgG IgA IgE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

B cell activation

A

By Helper T cell that respond to same antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 types of B cell activation

A

Thymus Dependent
Thymus independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Thymus dependent

A

T helper cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Thymus independent

A

No T helper cell required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Thymus independent antigen mechanism

A

No T cell required
BCR complimentary antigen
Secondary antigen from same pathogen
Second signal
B cell activated
IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thymus dependent antigen

A

BCR binds to antigen
Antigen internalised presented on MHC class II molecules
Helper T cell recognise MHC II through TCR
Release cytokines
B cell release antigen specific antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Thymus dependent antigen B cell proliferation is facilitated by

A

CD4OL
IL4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What cytokine drives plasma cell

A

IL5
IL6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where does B cell proliferation occur?

A

Germinal centres of the lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why do B cell become trapped temporarily?

A

T cell Zone
Contact with antigen + T helper cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the germinal centres made up of?

A

Proliferating B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many days after infection do B cell form?

A

7-10 days after an infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the mantle zone?

A

Resting B cells displaced by activated B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens to B cells in germinal centre?

A

Somatic Hypermutation
Affinity maturation
Class Switching

17
Q

Somatic Maturation

A

High antibody diversity
Point mutations V region -> light + heavy chain
Cystidine Deaminase
Intro nicks in the DNA that are repaired
Requires single strand of DNA
Targets DNA that is being transcribed Ig Genes

18
Q

Affinity maturation

A

V region mutated, B cell selection based on ability to bind to antigen
Progression of somatic hypermutation antibodies become more specific

19
Q

Summary affinity maturation

A

High affinity-> plasma cell -> antibody
-> memory cell
Low Affinity -> Cell Death

20
Q

Clonal Selection

A

Antigenic Specificity

21
Q

Antibody class switching

A

Early: IgM
DNA recombination
-> IgG IgA IgE
Different constant C region -> specific antigen binding region

22
Q

How to generate specificity and diversity in bone marrow

A

Antigen independent
Pairing of different heavy and light chain
Recombination of V D J segments
Variability on the joins of the recombined gene segments
P and N region nucleotide addition

23
Q

How to generate specificity and diversity in bone marrow in periphery

A

Antigen dependent
Somatic hypermutation
Class switching
Affinity maturation

24
Q

Antibody functions

A

Neutralization
Opsonisation
Complement Activation

25
Q

Neutralisation

A

Antibody binds to toxins released by bacteria
Block viral binding proteins
Block adherance of bacteria to host cells

26
Q

Opsonisation

A

Phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophil

27
Q

Antibody subclasses: Distribution

A

Transport across epithelium
Mean Serum
Transport across Placenta
Diffusion into extravascular sites

28
Q

Plasma cells controlled by?

A

BLIMP1

29
Q

BLIMP 1

A

Switches off proliferation and
Affinity maturation

30
Q

Memory Cells

A

Affinity maturation
Long lived
BCR: highly specific for an antigen
Do not secrete antibody

31
Q

Antibody class switches

A

Courses of an infection

32
Q

First antibody subclass

A

IgM

33
Q

IgM expressed before

A

Before somatic hyperation
Multimer
10ag binding sites

34
Q

IgG

A

Opsonises pathogens for phagocytosis

35
Q

IgA

A

Epithelial
Neutralisation

36
Q

IgE

A

Localises with mast cells
Mucosa

37
Q

Vaccination

A

Memory immune response
Triggers formation of germinal centres: somatic hypermutation
Affinity maturation
Higher affinity antibodies produced

BIOL2022- Immunology, Infection & Inflammation (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions