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S.N Pharmacology I > B: 17-20 > Flashcards

B: 17-20 Flashcards

1
Q

Ca2+ ch. blockers

A

Dihydropiridines: Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Felodipine, Nomidipine
Non: Verapamil, Diltiazem

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2
Q

Dihydropiridines

A

Nifedipine
Amlodipine
Felodipine
Nimodipine

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3
Q

Dihydropiridines indications

A 
HTN
Hypertensive emergency
Pregnancy HTN (Nifedipine)
Angina
Prinzmetal's angina
Raynaud's phenomenom
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (Nimodipine)
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4
Q

Which drug should wew give in case of Subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

Nimodipine

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5
Q

Verapamil indications

A

HTN
Angina
Migrane prophylaxis
Anti arrhythmic class IV

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6
Q

NO releasing agents

A

Hydralazine

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7
Q

Hydralazine MOA

A

Induce release of NO from endothelial cells
Mainly arterial vasodil.
Orally active
6-8 h duration

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8
Q

Hydralazine indications

A

HTN

Induces baroreceptor homeostatic compensatory response

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9
Q

Patient with HF and reduced ejection fraction can be given

A

Hydralazine + Isosorbide dinitrate

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10
Q

Hydralazine side effects

A

Drug induced Lupus at high dose

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11
Q

Endothelin antagonist

A

Bosentan

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12
Q

Bosentan indications

A

Pulmonary HTN

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13
Q

Bosentan side effects

A

Teratogenic

Hepatotoxicity

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14
Q

PDE-5 inhibitor

A

Sildenafil

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15
Q

Sildenafil indications

A

Erectile dysfunction

Pulmonary HTN

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16
Q

Sildenafil side effects

A

Severe hypotension in combination with Nitrates
Priapism (Prolonges erection)
Blue tinted vision

17
Q

K sparing diuretics- Aldosteron-R inhibitors

A

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

18
Q

Spironolactone duration of action

A

24-48 h

19
Q

Spironolactone indications

A

Hyperaldestronism
Hypokalemia caused by other diuretics
CHF
Antiadronergic

20
Q

Spironolactone side effects

A

Hyperkalemic metabolic acidosis

Anti-adronergic effect

21
Q

ACE inhibitors MOA

A

Inhbition of ACE → ↓ AG-II, ↓ Aldosterone

↑ endogenous vasodilators (Bradykinin)

22
Q

ACE inhibitors names

A

Captopril
Enalapril
Perindopril
Ramipril

23
Q

ACE inhibitors indications

A

HTN
Protective of diabetes nephropathy
CHF (reduced mortality)
Acute coronary syndrome

24
Q

ACE inhibitors side effects

A

Dry cough
Teratogenic
Hyperkalemia
AKI in renal patients

25
Q

ARB’s

A

Losartan
Valsartan
Irbesartan

26
Q

ARB’s indications

A

HTN
Protective of diabetes nephropathy
CHF (reduced mortality)

27
Q

ARB’s side effects

A

Teratogenic

Hyperkalemia

28
Q

Drug used in Ischemic heart disease (Angina pectoris)

A 
Nitroglycerine
Isosorbid-mononitrate / dinitrate
CCB
B blockers (Propranonlol)
Trimetaidine
Ivabradine
29
Q

Nitrates MOA

A 
Release NO
NO stimulates guanylyl cyclase
Increased in cGMP
Dephosphorylation of myosin light chain
Smooth muscle relaxation
30
Q

Nitrates effects

A 
Vasodilation (venous>>>arterial)
Preload ↓↓
Afterload ↓
Cardiac work ↓
O2 demand ↓
31
Q 
Short acting nitrates
How to give
Onset of action
Duration of acation
Indications
A 
Nitroglycerin
Sublingual
Onset in 1 min
Lasts 10-20 min
Acute angina, Acute coronary, Hypertensive emergency, Acute pulmonary edema
32
Q 
Intermediate acting nitrates
How to give
Onset of action
Duration of acation
Indications
A 
Nitroglycerin
Oral
Slow
2-4 h
Angina prophylaxis
Reduced mortalilty in atients with stable angina
33
Q 
Long acting nitrates
How to give
Onset of action
Duration of acation
Indications
A 
Nitroglycerin
Transdermal patch
Slow
8-10 h
Angina prophylaxis
Reduced mortalilty in atients with stable angina
34
Q

Isosorbid-mononitrate

Evrything

A

Sublingual
Rapid acting
30 min duration of action
Acute angina, Acute coronary, Hypertensive emergency, Acute pulmonary edema

35
Q

Nitrates side effects

A 
Headache
Reflex tachycardia
Cutaneous flushing
Orthostatic hypotension
Syncope
Methemoglobinemia in high conc.
Tolerance after 8-10 h
36
Q

Nitrates contraindications

A

Systolic BP < 90 mmHg
Right vent. MI
Patient took PDE-5 within last 24 h
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

37
Q

CCB used to treat angina

A

Nifedipine
Verapamil
Diltiazem

38
Q

B blocker used in angina prophylaxis

A

Propranolol

S.N Pharmacology I (15 decks)

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