axonal and synaptic neurotransmission Flashcards
basic components of every neurones
dendrites
cell body/soma
axon
presynaptic terminals pop
2 types of connections between neurones
axonal transmission
synaptic transmission
what is axonal transmission
transmission of info from location A to location B
what is synaptic transmission
integration / processing of info and transmission between neurones
charge of neurone at rest
negative
describe neuronal cell membrane
semi permeable
some electrically charged substances cross readily eg K+ and Cl-
some cross with difficulty eg Na+
some don’t cross at all eg large organic proteins with negative charge
what determines distribution of charged ions
diffusion and electrostatic attraction/repulsion
where are anions
restricted to inside of cell
where are potassium ions
mostly inside neurone
where are sodium ions
mostly outside neurone
where are chlorine ions
mostly outside neuron
what does sodium potassium pump do
active process to transport na+ ions out of neurone and K +
3 na+ for every 2 k+
require energy from ATP
what does resting membrane potential refer to
all cells under resting conditions
have a potential difference across
their plasma membranes, with the
inside of the cell negatively charged
with respect to the outside
what is typical resting potential in neurones
-70 mV
