Axial Skeleton Skull, Cranial Bones

Question 1

What does the axial skeleton consist of

Answer 1

skull and vertebral column and the bones of the rib cage.

Question 2

What does the appendicular skeleton consist of

Answer 2

bones of the extremities and the shoulder and pelvic girdle

Question 3

How many cranial bones are there

Answer 3

8

Question 4

how many facial bones are there

Answer 4

14

Question 5

Cranial Cavity

Answer 5

houses the brain

Question 6

Calvaria

Answer 6

upper dome-like portion consists of portions of frontal parietal and occipital bones

Question 7

Base of the Cranium

Answer 7

Composed of portions of the frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, temporal and occipital bones

Question 8

Composed of bone and cartilage, divides the nasal cavity into left and right halves

Answer 8

Nasal Septum

Question 9

What makes up the nasal septum

Answer 9

perpendicular plate
Vomer
Septal cartilage
ethmoid

Question 10

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses and where do they drain into

Answer 10

Frontal sinus
Ethmoid sinuses
Sphenoid sinus
Maxillary sinus

They all drain into the nasal cavity

Question 11

This forms the anterior roof and anterior floor of the cranium, the forehead, a portion of the nasal cavity roof, and the superior arch of the orbits

Answer 11

frontal bone

Question 12

Intracranial bleeding

Answer 12

lacerations that expose the frontal bone. Bleeding in tissues around eyes

Question 13

Supraorbital notch (foramen)

Answer 13

little notch in the supraorbital margin (top of eye) which allows passage of small nerves and blood vessels

Question 14

Frontal sinus

Answer 14

Located in frontal bone and contains air, mucous and ciliated cells. Drains into the nasal cavity

Question 15

Sinuses

Answer 15

Lined with ciliated cells with and outer layer of mucous

Question 16

Forms the lateral walls of the roof of the cranium

Answer 16

Parietal bones

Question 17

Does parietal bones contain diploe

Answer 17

yes

Question 18

From the lower sides and part of the floor of the cranium

Answer 18

temporal bones

Question 19

Landmarks on the petrous portion of the temporal bones

Answer 19

carotid canal (allows passage of internal carotid canal) and the jugular foramen (allows passage of internal jugular vein)

Question 20

Craniosynostosis

Answer 20

premature fusion of the sagittal suture

Question 21

plagiocephaly

Answer 21

asymmetric head shape one part has oblique flattening. (helmets help reshape head)

Question 22

allows nerves and blood vessels to travel to and from the inner and middle ear. helps with balance and hearing

Answer 22

internal auditory canal

Question 23

Where does the sternoclydomastid muscle attach

Answer 23

mastoid process

Question 24

infection in the mastoid process

Answer 24

mastoiditis

Question 25

squamous region of the temporal bone and what it includes

Answer 25

lateral flat surface below the squamosal suture. Contains the zygomatic process and the mandibular fossa

Question 26

tympanic portion of the temporal bones

Answer 26

contains the external acoustic meatus and the styloid process

Question 27

forms the back and much of the base of the skull

Answer 27

occipital bone

Question 28

big hole in the occipital bone

Answer 28

foramen magnum

Question 29

these allow the up and down head motion (yes motion)

Answer 29

occipital condyles

Question 30

this bone contributes to the base of the skull

Answer 30

sphenoid bone

Question 31

why is the sphenoid bone also known as the “bridging bone”

Answer 31

it unites many of the cranial and facial bones

Question 32

what houses the pituitary gland

Answer 32

sella turcica

Question 33

sphenoidal sinuses

Answer 33

causes sphenoid bone to be hollow and contain many foramina

Question 34

what are the foramina in the sphenoid bone

Answer 34

optic foramen
foramen ovale
foramen spinosum
superior orbital fissure
foramen rotundum

Question 35

this is the opening between the sphenoid and temporal bones

Answer 35

foramen lacerum

Question 36

located in the anterior floor of the cranium between the orbits where it contributes to the roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 36

ethmoid bone

Question 37

contains air, mucous and ciliated epithelial cells. Drains into the nasal cavity

Answer 37

ethmoidal sinuses

Question 38

most inferior portion of the ethmoid that contributes to the nasal septum

Answer 38

perpendicular plate

Question 39

superior portion of the ethmoid that is the attachment point for the falx cerebri

Answer 39

crista galli

Question 40

cribriform plate

Answer 40

contributes to the floor of the cranium and the roof of the nose (very weak structure)

Question 41

what pass through the holes in the cribriform plate to innervate the roof of the nasal cavity for our sense of smell

Answer 41

branches of the olfactory nerve (cranial nerve 1)

Question 42

Fractured cribriform plate

Answer 42

can allow the fluid around the brain to escape into the nose and microbes to enter into meninges

Question 43

most inferior portion of the ethmoid

Answer 43

perpendicular plate

Question 44

medial projections of the ethmoid into the nasal cavity

Answer 44

superior and middle nasal conchae
(inferior nasal conchae are separate facial bones and are not part of the ethmoid)

Question 45

separates the frontal and parietal bones

Answer 45

coronal suture

Question 46

separates the parietal and temporal bones

Answer 46

squamosal sutures

Question 47

separates the occipital and parietal bones

Answer 47

lambdoidal suture

Question 48

separates the 2 parietal bones

Answer 48

saggital suture