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Anatomy Exam 2 > Articulations general features > Flashcards

Articulations general features Flashcards

1
Q

arthrology

A

study of joints

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2
Q

Kinesiology

A

study of functional relationship of the skeleton, joints, muscles, and nerves

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3
Q

Mobility vs stability

A

you can’t have both. either or

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4
Q

false joint (pseudoarthosis)

A

formed when there is no proper care and the body just creates a new joint

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5
Q

3 ways to classify a joint

A

structural classification
Structural categories
functional classification

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6
Q

3 structural classifications

A

Fibrous (fibrous tissue)
Cartilaginous (cartilage)
Synovial (synovial fluid)

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7
Q

Structural categories of fibrous joints

A

Gomphosis
Suture
Syndesmosis

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8
Q

Structural categories of Cartilaginous joints

A

Synchondrosis
Symphysis

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9
Q

Structural categories of Synovial Joints

A

Plane Joint (uniaxial)
Hinge Joint (uniaxial)
Pivot Joint (uniaxial)
Condylar Joint (biaxial)
Saddle Joint (biaxial)
Ball-and-socket joint (multiaxial)

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10
Q

Synarthrosis

A

immobile joint

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11
Q

amphiarthrosis

A

slightly mobile

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12
Q

diarthrosis

A

freely mobile

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13
Q

fibrous synarthrotic joints only found in the maxillae and mandible

A

Gomphoses

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14
Q

fibrous synarthrotic joints that are only found in the skull. Over time they become a synostosis (bone)

A

sutures

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15
Q

exists between the distal ends of the radius and ulna and the distal ends of the fibula and tibia. Allows slight movement (amphiarthrotic)

A

syndesmosis

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16
Q

these are possible because of the interosseous membrane that holds bones together, while allowing slight movement

A

syndesmosis

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17
Q

joined together by hyaline cartilage are also synarthroses

A

synchondroses

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18
Q

joined together by fibrocartilage and are amphiarthroses

A

symphyses

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19
Q

what is limited by the shape of the articulating bones, ligaments, tendons, muscles and the joint capsule

A

Range of Motion

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20
Q

Hyper-mobility

A

(double jointed) excessive laxity in a joint

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21
Q

enclosed by a fibroelastic joint capsule, which has an outer layer called the fibrous capsule and an inner layer called the synovial membrane

A

synovial joints

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22
Q

what does the synovial membrane secrete

A

a viscous oily synovial fluid which lubricates the articular cartilage and which brings nutrients and removes wastes from chondrocytes

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23
Q

what is actually happening when you “pop a joint”

A

caused by gas bubbles that form in the synovial fluid and burst

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24
Q

what causes cartilage to be bad at healing

A

it is avascular meaning it doesn’t have blood flow brining it nutrients all the time.

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25
Q

why is movement good

A

it enhances its nutrition and waste removal from the fluid surrounding synovial fluid

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26
Q

connect bone to bone and are composed of dense fibrous connective tissue

A

ligaments

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27
Q

fibrous saclike structures that contain synovial fluid and are lined with synovial membrane

A

bursae

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28
Q

facilitates the gliding of a tendon as it transverses a fibrous or bony tunnel

A

tendon sheath

29
Q

where can you find tendon sheaths

A

they are found spanning the wrist and ankle joints

30
Q

connect muscle to bone and help stabilize joints

A

tendon

31
Q

uniaxial

A

moves in one plane

32
Q

biaxial

A

moves in 2 planes

33
Q

multiaxial

A

moves in 3 planes

34
Q

simple movement in which two opposing surfaces slide slightly back and forth or side to side to one another

A

gliding motion

35
Q

Flexion

A

angle between articulating bones decreases

36
Q

extension

A

angle between articulating bones increases

37
Q

hyperextension

A

past normal full extension

38
Q

abduction

A

movement away from the midline

39
Q

adduction

A

movement towards midline

40
Q

circumduction

A

movement in a circle

41
Q

rotation

A

2 bones spin on each other but angle does not change

42
Q

supination

A

rotation of the forearm where the palm is turned upward (holding soup)

43
Q

pronation

A

rotation of the forearm where the palm is turned downward

44
Q

depression

A

move body part down

45
Q

elevation

A

move body part up

46
Q

dorsiflextion

A

move foot up, towards the dorsum of foot

47
Q

plantar flexion

A

plantar surface down in foot

48
Q

inversion

A

roll ankle inward

49
Q

eversion

A

roll ankle outward

50
Q

protraction

A

move body part forward (anteriorly)

51
Q

retraction

A

move body part backwards (posteriorly)

52
Q

opposition

A

bring thumb to pinky

53
Q

classification of tooth to jaw

A

synarthrotic fibrous gomphosis

54
Q

Classification of lambdoid suture

A

synarthrotic fibrous suture

55
Q

classification of radioulnar joint and distal tib fib joint

A

amphiarthrosis fibrous syndesmosis

56
Q

classification of
Epiphyseal plates in growing bones
Costochondral joints

A

synarthrotic cartilaginous synchondrosis

57
Q

classification of
pubic symphysis
intervertebral disk articulations

A

amphiarthrotic cartilaginous symphysis

58
Q

classification of
intercarpal and intertarsal joints
inter articular facets of vertebrae

A

diarthrotic synovial plane joint that are uniaxial

59
Q

classification of
elbow joint
knee joint
interphalangeal joints

A

diarthrotic synovial hinge joints that are uniaxial

60
Q

classification of
atlantoaxial joint

A

diarthrotic synovial pivot joint that are uniaxial

61
Q

classification of
metacarpophalangeal joints
metatarsophalangeal joints

A

diarthrotic synovial condylar joints that are biaxial

62
Q

classification of
articulation between carpal and first metacarpal bone

A

diarthrotic synovial saddle joint that is biaxial

63
Q

classification of
glenohumeral join
hip joint

A

diarthrotic synovial ball and socket joints that are multiaxial

64
Q

flattened or slightly curved faces slide across one another

A

plane joint

65
Q

convex feature of one bone fits into concave depression of another bone

A

hinge joints

66
Q

bone with rounded surface fits into a ring formed by a ligament and another bone

A

pivot joints

67
Q

oval articular surface on one bone closely interfaces with a depressed oval surface on another bone

A

condylar joint

68
Q

saddle-shapped articular surface on one bone closely interfaces with a saddle shapped surface on another bone

A

saddle joint

69
Q

round-head of one bone rests within a cup shaped depression in another bone

A

ball and socket joint

Anatomy Exam 2 (7 decks)

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