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Pharmacology-1 > Autonomic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Autonomic Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of movement is incolved in the Somatic Nervous system?

A

voluntary movement

-motor cortex(UMN)–>Spinal cord (LMN) ant. horn

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2
Q

What is the neurotransmitter in SMS and receptor?

A

ACH, Nicotinic Ach R

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3
Q

What are the two Acetylcholin Receptors?

A
  1. Nicotinic
  2. Muscarinic
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4
Q

What are the Nicotinic agonist? Type of R? Found?

A
  1. ach, nicotine
  2. Ligand-gated ion channel
  3. found in:

CNS, Neuromuscular jxn,

autonomic ganglia & Adrenal Medulla

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5
Q

What is the presynaptic nt releases? To what receptor?

A
  1. Ach
  2. Nicotinic
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6
Q

What are the muscarinic R agonist? type of R? Found in?

A
  1. ach, muscarin
  2. GPCR
  3. CNS, Autonomic effector organs (esp. PNS)
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7
Q

postsynaptic neurons of the PNS releases ACH onto what R? Target?

A
  1. Muscarinic
  2. Effector organs & sweat glands
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8
Q

What are the adregergic receptor subtypes? what type of R?

A

GPCRs

Alpha (1,2) * Beta (1,2)

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9
Q

What are the endogenous adrenergic R Agonist?

A
  1. Epinephrine
  2. Norepinephrin
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10
Q

Epinephrine is the agonist at what receptor sub-types?

A

alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, beta-2

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11
Q

What are the receptor sub-types for NE?

A

alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, **NOT **beta-2

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12
Q

What is the target of dopamine?

A

D receptors in smooth muscle of renal and splanchnic vasculature–>vasodilation

  • part of the SNS
  • synthesized by adenergic nerves, pleased from postsynpatic neuron
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13
Q

The postsynaptic neuron in the SNS released NE which binds to what receptors?

A

alpha and beta adregergic receptors.

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14
Q

What is the adrenal medulla like? What nt does it release?

A

like sympathethic ganglion, releases Epi & NorEpi

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15
Q

What does Hemicholinum target?

A

inhibits choline uptake

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16
Q

How is acetylcholine made?

A
  1. choline uptake
  2. choline acetylated by ChAT
  3. uptake into vesicles
  4. Ca++ influx causes vesicle to fuses with presynaptic membrane
  5. Signal terminated by AchE hydrolysis
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17
Q

What does vesamicol target?

A

inhibits uptake of Ach into vesicles

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18
Q

What does botulinum toxin target?

A

blocks vesicle fusion w/ presynaptice membrane

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19
Q

How is Epinephrine made?

A
  1. tyrosine uptake
  2. tyr–>DOPA
  3. . DOPA–>Dopamine
  4. DA uptake into vesicles
  5. DA–> NE
  6. Ca2+ influx causes vesicles to fuse and release NE
  7. Signal terminated by NE diffusion, metabolism, & reuptake
20
Q

What is the target of meyrosine?

A

inhibits Try–DOPA

21
Q

What does reserpine target?

A

Dopamine uptake into vesicles

22
Q

What is the target of guanethidine?

A

prevents fusion of vesicles.

23
Q

How does amphetamine affect NE?

A

impairs reuptake

24
Q

How does Cocaine affect NE?

A

Impairs reuptake

25
Q

What is the mechanism of Tricyclic Antidepressants?

A

Impairs reuptake

26
Q

How does the cholinergic signal terminate

A

Ach Hydrolysis

27
Q

How does the adrenergic signal terminate?

A
  1. reuptake into presynaptic terminal
  2. diffusion
  3. metabolism (MOA, COMT)
28
Q

What is Pheocromocytoma?

A

adrenal medullary tumor:

-too much NE, EPI produced

29
Q

What is the clinical symptoms of Pheochromocytoma?

A
  1. HTN, Tachy, diaphoresis (sweating)
  2. headache, chest pain, abdominal pain,
  3. skin flushing (and/or pallor)
30
Q

How is pheochromocytoma diagnosed?

A

diagnosis confirmed by 24hr urine test

-increased metanephrines, HMA, & VMA

31
Q

Sympathetic

A

“fight or flight”

thoracolumbar

need to run away from tiger at night

need to see, need oxygen/glucose at cells; no time to pee/poo or have baby

32
Q

Parasympathetics

A

“rest and digest”

craniosacral (CN 2,7,9, 10, Sacra N S2-S4)

reading a book while sitting on the toilet in the sun

33
Q

Differences btw SNS and PNS

A
34
Q

Alpha 1 actions? what type of g protein class

A

** Vascular SM contraction (raises BP)

35
Q

Alpha 2 actions. Gprotein type?

A
36
Q

Beta 1 actions. Receptor type? Does Epi/NE act here?

A

**increases HR and contractility

-increase renin release and lipolysis

Gs

37
Q

Beta 2 actions. Receptor type? Does Epi/NE act here?

A

ONLY Epi acts on the R.

**relaxes SM bronchodilation

38
Q

What does the alpha-2 presynaptic autoR do?

A

negative FB, thus make less NE

39
Q

What do the alpha-2 presynaptic heteroR do?

A
  1. angiotensin- enhances NE release
  2. muscarinic- decreases NE release
40
Q

Summary of G-protein linked 2nd messengers

A
41
Q

Autonomic and hormal control of cardio fxn

A
42
Q

What is the effect of alpha adrenergic on the eye?

A

dilate pupil

43
Q

What is the effect of beta adrenergic on the eye?

A

produces aqueous humor

44
Q

What is the effect of muscarinic on the eye?

A

contricts pupil and accomodates near vision

45
Q
A

Pharmacology-1 (15 decks)

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