Autonomic and Endocrine 1 L14 Flashcards
What is the organisation and role of the Nervous System?
Composed of the CNS + PNS
Collects information and helps to respond to that information
CNS –> PNS
-the CNS gets information From and sends information Out To the PNS
What is the organisation and role of the Peripheral Nervous System PNS?
PNS All the nervous tissue which radiates out of/Outside the CNS Collects information and talks information out Composed of 4x features: 1. Cranial Nerves 2. Spinal Nerves 3. Ganglia 4. Peripheral Nerves
What are the 4x components of the PNS?
- Cranial Nerves
- Spinal Nerves
- Ganglia
- Peripheral Nerves
What are features of the Cranial Nerve?
12x pairs of cranial nerves
What are features of the Spinal Nerves?
31x pairs
Radiate out from the spinal cord
What are features of the Ganglia?
Ganglion = singular
Mass of Nervous Tissue (cell bodies)
“switching bodies”
What are switching bodies called?
Ganglia
What are features of the Peripheral Nerves?
fine nerves
What is the organisation and role of the Central Nervous System CNS?
CNS Processes many kinds of Sensory information The sources of Thoughts, emotions and Memories "The think of all my emotional memories" Composed of 2x features: 1. Brain 2. Spinal Cord -connected by the Foramun Magnum
What 3x things is the Central Nervous System CNS the source of?
- Thoughts
- Emotions
- Memories
“I Think of all my Emotional Memories”
What is the CNS (Brain and Spinal Cord) connected by?
Foreamun Magnum
What is the Foreamun Magnum?
Connects the CNS (Brain and Spinal Cord)
What can cranial or spinal nerves be?
Sensory afferent or Motor efferent neurons
How does the PNS provide input into the CNS?
Sensory Afferent Neurons INput Sensory PNS --> CNS Sensation Autonomic/somatic Receptors Detect stimuli and Collect information
How are Sensory and Motor nerves connected?
Via Cranial and spinal nerves
How does the CNS provide OUTput to the PNS?
Motor Efferent Neurons OUTput Motor CNS --> PNS Motor Causes Change/Action in the body 1. Somatic 2. Autonomic Somatic: control is Conscious and Voluntary. Controlled by Cerebral Cortex. Innervates Skeletal Muscle. Causes Change in body Position/Structure Autonomic: control is Unconscious and Involuntary. composed of 2x elements which cause Opposing responses. Sympathetic + Parasympathetic. Both alter body In Response to Changed Circumstances. Effects 3x : Cardiac muscle, Smooth muscle, and Glands - and around blood vessels. Allows us to keep living under changing conditions. Work at balancing one another. Seesaw relationship. Never is Either automatic component totally off, instead is "Dimmer" control.
What are 2x types of features of the Motor Efferent Neurons?
- Somatic
2. Autonomic
What are features of the Somatic Motor Efferent Output Neurons?
Conscious control Voluntary control Controlled by the Cerebral cortex Innervates Skeletal Muscle Causes change in body Position and Structure
What are features of the Autonomic Motor Efferent Output Neurons?
Un/Non-conscious control
INvoluntary control
Consists of 2x elements (parasympathetic and sympathetic) which Causes Opposing responses
Both alter the body is Response to Changed Circumstances
Effects 3x areas:
1. cardiac muscle
2. Smooth muscle
3. Glands - and around blood vessels
Allows us to keep living under changing conditions
Works at balancing one another
Seesaw Realtionship
Never is either autonomic component Totally off, instead is “Dimmer” control
Where are the 3x area of the body which can be controlled by the Autonomic Nervous system?
- Cardiac Muscle
- Smooth Muscle
- Glands - and around blood vessels
What is the role of nerves?
Nerves:
- Co-ordinate Actions
- Co-ordinate bodily functions
What are the 5x components of All neuron’s fundamental structure?
- Dendrites
- Cell body and nucleus
- Axon
- Myelin Sheath
- Axon Terminals
What are key features of dendrites?
Spikey parts of cytoplasm
Radiating out of cell body
function by Receiving APs
What are key features of Axons?
Are extensions of Cytoplasm
Transmits APs
Very Long - in order to be able to Transfer information to distant/remote sites
Hardwired to communicate with any parts of out body