Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Immunology > Autoimmunity > Flashcards

Autoimmunity Flashcards

1
Q

What is autoimmunity?

A

A condition characterized by a specific humoral and/or cell-mediated immune response against the constituents of the bodys own tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Clinical signs and lesions of autoimmunity are a result of ___________.

A

hypersensitivity reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Autoimmunity is a consequence of what?

A

which way the adaptive immune system evolved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Autoimmune responses may be mounted against what? (3)

A

antigens that develop later in life

antigens hidden within cells

antigens that arise as a result of development of new molecular configurations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do most autoimmune diseases result from?

A

failure to ensure that tolerance is maintained against self-antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is there a strong genetic predisposition to autoimmunity?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What triggers some autoimmune diseases?

A

immune stimulants such as virus infections, vaccinations, and some drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Milk allergy (alpha casein) in cattle stimulates a type __ hypersensitivity reaction.

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the results of delayed milking?

A

Intra-mammary pressures forces milk protein (casein) into circulation and induces Th2 and IgE to self casein

cows develop acute anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Acute anaphylaxis from delayed milking is a type __ autoimmune dz.

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Autoimmune mediated anemia is what type of AI dz and what is the autoantigen?

A

II, erythrocyte epitopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Autoimmune mediated thrombocytopenia is what type of AI dz and what is the autoantigen?

A

II; platelet epitopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Myasthenia gravis is what type of AI dz and is affected?

A

II; anti-actylcholine receptor antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is blocked in myasthenia gravis?

A

nerve impulses across the motor endplate of striated muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a side affect of Myasthenis Gravis and what breeds are affected?

A

abnormal fatigue and weakness after relatively mild exercise

GSD, golden retrievers, labs, dachunds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Graves Disease and what does it result in? What type of AI?

A

anti-thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibodies

hyperthyroidism

2

17
Q

What is autoimmune hypothyroidism and what breeds are affected? What type of AI?

A

antibodies to thyroid and/or thyroglobulin

beagles, great danes

2

18
Q

What is pemphigus complex and what type of AI?

A

antibodies to desmosomes/basement membrane

2

19
Q

What is pemphigus foliaceus?

A

granular cell layer of skin affected (mild form)

20
Q

What is pemphigus vulgaris?

A

separation above basal cell layer

21
Q

What is bullous pemphigoid?

A

antibody against basement membrane

22
Q

What is happening in autoimmune skin blistering diseases? What type of AI?

A

2

autoantibodies to desmosome adhesion molecule –> release of proteases digest adhesion molecule –> sloughing of keratinocytes –> activation of complement –> chemotaxis of neutrophils

23
Q

Systemic Lupus erythematosus - type of AI, antibody specificity- manifestations?

A

3

DNA, nucleoproteins

nephritis, arthritis, vasculitis

24
Q

How do you detect SLE and what breed is most affected?

A

anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) test

GSD

25
Q

MS- what type of AI?

A

4

26
Q

What is polymyositis and what AI type?

A

progressive muscle weakness not associated with exercise, fiber degeneration- lymphocytes and macrophages infiltrate muscle

4

27
Q

What is insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus and what type of AI is it?

A

T cells and antibody

4

28
Q

What is lymphocytic thyroiditis and what AI type?

A

CTLs against thyroid epithelium

4

29
Q

What are the treatments for autoimmunity?

A

immunosuppressive drugs

30
Q

What glucocorticoids are used and how do they help?

A

alter production of cytokines and inhibit inflammation by inhibiting breakdown of arachidonic acid pathway

pred and dex

31
Q

How does azathioprine help?

A

inhibits nucleic acid synthesis- inhibits replicating cells

32
Q

How does cyclosporine A help?

A

inhibits clonal expansion of T cells by blocking IL-2 synthesis

Immunology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions