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Pathology > Autoimmunity > Flashcards

Autoimmunity Flashcards

1
Q

Humoral- mediated immunity

A

anti-body mediated with cell type of B -lymphocytes

primary defense against EXTRACELLULAR pathogens, extracellular bacteria, circulating bacteria

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2
Q

cell-mediated immunity

A

Cell type: T-llymphocytes
direct cell to cell contact or secreted soluble products like cytokines
*primary defense against the intracellular pathogens (viruses and fungi, intracellular bacteria,

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3
Q

types of autoimmune diseases

A

Type II - antibody against cell surface matrix antigens
Type III - immune complex disease
Type IV- T cell mediated disease

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4
Q

Hemolytic anemia (AIHA) Anemia is what type of autoimmunity disease?

A

Type II - Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
AUTOANTIGEN RBS SURFACE ANTIGENS - Rh BLOOD GROUPS ANTIGENS 1 ANTIGEN when antibody binds - causes pre mature destruction of red blood cells by complement and phagocytosis, anemia

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5
Q

immune thrombocytopenic purpura

A

also a type II
ITP
auotimmune disease
platalets or endothelial cells are dysfunctioning
hemmorrage
target is platalets
petechiae
bleeding disorder
hemorrhagic diathesis
Autoantigen : platelet integrin gpIIb:IIIa
Consequence: destruction of platalets and abnormal bleeding

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6
Q

chronic ITP

A

second type - effecting woman more than men

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7
Q

diagnosis of ITP?

A

blood smear
platalets - NONE
these are necessary to stop the bleeding

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8
Q

pemphigus vulgaris

A

type II autoimmune disease
blisering dieases
AUTOANTIBODIES TO EPIDERMAL CADHERIN
BLISTERING OF SKIN AND ORAL MUCOSA

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9
Q

T/F autoimmune disease means infectious?

A

FALSE - means not infectious

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10
Q

graves disease

A

type II autoimmune - this is associated with AUTOANTIBODIEIS AGAINST THE TSH RECEPTOR - anti-TSH-R binds to receptor and stimualtes it
too much thyroid hormone - non supressible over production of the thyroid hormone

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11
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus - what type?

A

Type III - immune complex disease

systemic

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12
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus

A

multisystem (all over body) and has systemic effects
AUTOANTIBODIES directed against a number of NUCLEAR ANTIGENS (ANA) as well as antigens of blood elements and phospholipids-protein complexes

circulating IgG antibodies

diagnosis is complex -

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13
Q

mechanism of lupus

A

Autoantigen to DNA, histone, ribosomes, snRNP, scRNP

complex formation –> deposition in tissues–> vasculitis and fibrinoid necrosis

the immune complex can initiate further inflammatory reactions

too much immune complexes? death due to organ failure in the kidney and brain usually

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14
Q

butterfly rash?

A

symbol of lupus

rash in shape of butterfly on the cheeks

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15
Q

lupus nephritis

A

in the kidney
autoantibody in this place
killing the glomeruli - effecting the urine regulation and results in kidney failure

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16
Q

vasculitis

A

lupus in vessels

17
Q

arthritis

A

lupus in joints associated as well

18
Q

type 1 diabetes, rheuumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and sjorgen syndrome are all what?

A

type IV - autoimmune disease

T- cell mediated disease

19
Q

type i diabetes

A

autoantibody against the pancreatic beta cell antigen
Consequence: beta cell destruction
no insulin release from beta cells
destruction in the langerhans

20
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

Type IV disease
autoantigen : myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein
consequence - demylination, brain degeneration, paralysis
white matter disease and associated with plaque
grey matter (neurons/cell bodies) are there in tact but the neuronal signal cannot go through

21
Q

sjogren syndrome

A

type IV autoimmune disease
lacrimal and salivary glands effected
AUTOANTIGEN : unknown antigen in the ductal epithelial cells of the exocrine glands
consequence: destruction of the lacrimal and salivary glands which is devastating for eyes and mouth - result in a lot of candida infection
Dry - inflammation, erosion, ulceration, and mucosal atrophy

22
Q

Glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, arthritis, systemic inflammation are all consequences of?

A

Lupus - systemic lupus erythematosus

23
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

Type IV disease autoantigen : against unknown synovial joint antigen
consequence: joint inflammation and destruction

Pathology (20 decks)

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