Autoimmunity Flashcards
Humoral- mediated immunity
anti-body mediated with cell type of B -lymphocytes
primary defense against EXTRACELLULAR pathogens, extracellular bacteria, circulating bacteria
cell-mediated immunity
Cell type: T-llymphocytes
direct cell to cell contact or secreted soluble products like cytokines
*primary defense against the intracellular pathogens (viruses and fungi, intracellular bacteria,
types of autoimmune diseases
Type II - antibody against cell surface matrix antigens
Type III - immune complex disease
Type IV- T cell mediated disease
Hemolytic anemia (AIHA) Anemia is what type of autoimmunity disease?
Type II - Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
AUTOANTIGEN RBS SURFACE ANTIGENS - Rh BLOOD GROUPS ANTIGENS 1 ANTIGEN when antibody binds - causes pre mature destruction of red blood cells by complement and phagocytosis, anemia
immune thrombocytopenic purpura
also a type II
ITP
auotimmune disease
platalets or endothelial cells are dysfunctioning
hemmorrage
target is platalets
petechiae
bleeding disorder
hemorrhagic diathesis
Autoantigen : platelet integrin gpIIb:IIIa
Consequence: destruction of platalets and abnormal bleeding
chronic ITP
second type - effecting woman more than men
diagnosis of ITP?
blood smear
platalets - NONE
these are necessary to stop the bleeding
pemphigus vulgaris
type II autoimmune disease
blisering dieases
AUTOANTIBODIES TO EPIDERMAL CADHERIN
BLISTERING OF SKIN AND ORAL MUCOSA
T/F autoimmune disease means infectious?
FALSE - means not infectious
graves disease
type II autoimmune - this is associated with AUTOANTIBODIEIS AGAINST THE TSH RECEPTOR - anti-TSH-R binds to receptor and stimualtes it
too much thyroid hormone - non supressible over production of the thyroid hormone
Systemic lupus erythematosus - what type?
Type III - immune complex disease
systemic
Systemic lupus erythematosus
multisystem (all over body) and has systemic effects
AUTOANTIBODIES directed against a number of NUCLEAR ANTIGENS (ANA) as well as antigens of blood elements and phospholipids-protein complexes
circulating IgG antibodies
diagnosis is complex -
mechanism of lupus
Autoantigen to DNA, histone, ribosomes, snRNP, scRNP
complex formation –> deposition in tissues–> vasculitis and fibrinoid necrosis
the immune complex can initiate further inflammatory reactions
too much immune complexes? death due to organ failure in the kidney and brain usually
butterfly rash?
symbol of lupus
rash in shape of butterfly on the cheeks
lupus nephritis
in the kidney
autoantibody in this place
killing the glomeruli - effecting the urine regulation and results in kidney failure
vasculitis
lupus in vessels
arthritis
lupus in joints associated as well
type 1 diabetes, rheuumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and sjorgen syndrome are all what?
type IV - autoimmune disease
T- cell mediated disease
type i diabetes
autoantibody against the pancreatic beta cell antigen
Consequence: beta cell destruction
no insulin release from beta cells
destruction in the langerhans
Multiple Sclerosis
Type IV disease
autoantigen : myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein
consequence - demylination, brain degeneration, paralysis
white matter disease and associated with plaque
grey matter (neurons/cell bodies) are there in tact but the neuronal signal cannot go through
sjogren syndrome
type IV autoimmune disease
lacrimal and salivary glands effected
AUTOANTIGEN : unknown antigen in the ductal epithelial cells of the exocrine glands
consequence: destruction of the lacrimal and salivary glands which is devastating for eyes and mouth - result in a lot of candida infection
Dry - inflammation, erosion, ulceration, and mucosal atrophy
Glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, arthritis, systemic inflammation are all consequences of?
Lupus - systemic lupus erythematosus
rheumatoid arthritis
Type IV disease autoantigen : against unknown synovial joint antigen
consequence: joint inflammation and destruction
