Autoimmune Disease

Question 1

What is autoimmune disease?

Answer 1

Inappropiate activation of immune response

Question 2

What is meant by tolerance mechanisms?

Answer 2

distinguish between self and non-self antigens

Question 3

What happens when tolerance is lost?

Answer 3

Autoreactive T and B cells an be activated and autoimmune disease can occur

Question 4

what are autoantibodies?

Answer 4

Bind self cellls and mediate damage via opsonisation

Can form damaging immune complexes

Question 5

Features of graves disease

Answer 5

Antibodies against hormone receptor
activate the receptor
uncontrolled hormone production

Question 6

features of mysathenia gravis

Answer 6

Antibodies against acetylcholine receptor
act as an agonist
block binding to the receptor
severe muscle weakness
difficulties chewing swallowing breathing

Question 7

treatment for autoimmune diseases

Answer 7

Immunosupression 
Immunomodulation 
IVIG
Protection of terget 
autologous stem cell transplantation 
plasmapheresis

Question 8

treatment for thyrotoxicosis

Answer 8

antithyroid drugs

Question 9

treatment for pernicious anaemia

Answer 9

injection of vitamin B12

Question 10

treatment for mysathnia gravis

Answer 10

cholinesterase inhibitors

Question 11

treatment for insulin dependent diabetes

Answer 11

insulin administration