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Certified Sommelier > Australia > Flashcards

Australia Flashcards

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1
Q

Australia - Factors of Wine Production 1

A
  • Climate: Hot desert interior that is inhospitable to viticulture. Most wines regions are clustered int he southeastern part of the continent.
  • Soil: Ancient, eroded and nutrient-poor soil with great diversity.
  • Grape Varieties
    • White: Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Riesling
    • Red: Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Grenache, Pinot Noir
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2
Q

Australia - Factors of Wine Production 2

A
  • Viticulture
    • Vine-growing is concentrated in cooler coastal areas
    • Irrigation is imperative
    • The warm, dry climate tends to produce very ripe grapes. Maintain adequate natural acidity for achieving balance is important
  • Vinification
    • Australia’s wine industry has long been a world leader in technological development, partly due to a strongly innovative culture and partly because expansion could only be achieved through mechanization due to labor shortages.
    • Acidification is often employed to counterbalance the effects of the country’s warm climate
    • Screw cap for still wines and crown caps for sparkling wines.
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3
Q

Australia - Australian Appellation System

A
  • The label integrity Program
    • 85% stated grape variety on label
    • 85% stated vintage on label
    • 85% stated region on label
  • Geographical Indication (GI)
    • Country of Australia
    • South-Eastern Australia
    • State of Origin
    • Zones
    • Regions
    • Sub-Regions
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4
Q

Australia - Southeastern Australia - New South Wales - Hunter Valley (Hunter GI)

A
  • Geography: North of Sydney
  • Climate: Hot and humid; among the warmest climates in Australia.
  • Grape Varieties
    • White (60% production): Semillon
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5
Q

Australia - Southeastern Australia - New South Wales - Riverina GI

A
  • Geography: Far inland, the largest wine region in Australia
  • Climate: Hot and very humid
  • Grape Varieties
    • White: Semillon, Chardonnay
    • Red: Shiraz, Merlot
  • Viticulture
    • Riverina represents 50% of production
    • Irrigation from nearby rivers is required
  • Vinification
    • Riverina is known for bulk table wines but also produces fortified wines and botrytis affected dessert wines
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6
Q

Australia - Southeastern Australia - Victoria - Yarra Valley GI

A
  • Climate: Cool, humid, maritime-moderated by the Southern Ocean
  • Grape Varieties
    • White: Chardonnay
    • Red: Pino Noir, Shiraz
  • Vinification: Still and sparkling wine production
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7
Q

Australia - Southeastern Australia - Victoria - Rutherglen GI

A
  • Climate: Continental with very hot summers
  • Grape Varieties
    • White: Muscadelle
    • Red: Shiraz, Brown Muscat
  • Vinification
    • Still wine production
    • Fortified dessert wines, often referred to locally as “Stickies”
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8
Q

Australia - Southeastern Australia - Victoria - Murray-Darling GI

A
  • Climate: Very Hot
  • Viticulture
    • Riverland planting
    • Irrigation is essential
  • Vinification
    • An important region for bulk wine production
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9
Q

Australia - South Australia - Barossa Valley GI

A

*The largest, most important premium wine area

  • Geography: Near the city of Adelaide
  • Climate: Mediterranean
  • Grape Varieties
    • Red: Shiraz, Grenache, Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Viticulture
    • Extremely old vines due to the prevention of phylloxera from reaching this area
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10
Q

Australia - South Australia - Eden Valley GI

A
  • Climate: Cooler, higher elevation
  • Grape Varieties
    • White: Riesling, Chardonnay
    • Red: Shiraz
  • Viticulture
    • High altitude helps retain acidity in the grapes
  • Vinification
    • Riesling vinified dry
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11
Q

Australia - South Australia - McLaren Vale GI

A
  • Geography: South of Adelaide
  • Climate: Warm, yet moderated by cool ocean air
  • Grape Varieties
    • Red: Shiraz, Grenache
  • Viticulture: Vineyards slope down toward the sea to maximize exposure to cool breezes
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12
Q

Australia - South Australia - Clare Valley GI

A
  • Greography: 60 miles north of Adelaide
  • Climate: Warm continental, Hot days and cool nights
  • Topography: 1300~1800 feet elevation
  • Grape Varieties
    • White: Riesling
    • Red: Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Viticulture
    • High altidude and cool nights help retain acidity in the grapes
  • Vinification
    • Dry Riesling production
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13
Q

Australia - South Australia - Coonawarra GI

A
  • Geography: Southern strip of land near the sea
  • Climate: Cool, Mediterranean climate
  • Soil: Best vineyards are on a single, narrow, 9 mile strip with Terra Rossa soil; a vivid red soil over limestone base
  • Grape Varieties
    • Red: Cabernet Sauvignon
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14
Q

Australia - Western Australia - Margaret River GI

A
  • Geography: Western Australia, with Perth being the most important metropolis
  • Climate: Warm maritime, with the moderating influences of the Indian Ocean
  • Grape Varieties
    • White: Chardonnay, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc
    • Red: Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Merlot
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15
Q

Australia - Which of the follwing is the largest Australian GI?

A
  • South-Eastern Australia
    • South Australia
    • McLaren Vale
    • Western Australia
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16
Q

Australia - Which region is famous for its Terra Rossa soil?

A
  • Coonawarra
    • Hunter Valley
    • Barossa Valley
    • Yarra Valley
17
Q

Australia - The Clare Valley and the Eden Valley are most noted for which style of wine?

A
  • Dry Riesling
    • Dry Semillon
    • Muscat-based sweet wines
    • Pinot Noir
18
Q

Australia - Sparkling wines production thrives in Victoria due to which factor?

A
  • Proximity to cool ocean breezes
    • Hot inland air-flow
    • Rain shadow
    • Intense wind
19
Q

Australia - Why does the Barossa Valley have many 100+ year old vines?

A
  • Abseces of phylloxera
    • Proximity to the ocean
    • Shiraz prefers older vines
    • Careful planting
20
Q

Australia - Match the Australian GI with its most famous style of wine.

A
  • Eden Valley = Dry Riesling
  • Yarra Valley = Pinot Noir
  • Brossa Valley = Bold Shiraz
  • Hunter Valley = Dry Semillon
  • Margaret River = Semillon/Sauvignon Blanc Blends
  • Cooawarra = Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Rutherglen = Muscat-Based Sweet Wines
  • Clare Valley = Dry Riesling
  • McLaren Vale = Bold Shiraz

Certified Sommelier (72 decks)

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