Aubf

Question 1

Bence jones protein is often detected in urine of patients with:

Answer 1

Multiple myeloma
Bone tumor
Chronic leukemia
Hyperthyroidism
Amyloidosis
Fibrotic disease
Adenocarcinoma of stomach and prostatitis

Question 2

Precipitation of BJP depends on:

Answer 2

Urine ph (4.6- 5.4)
Ionic strength of the solution
Electrolyte composition
Protein concentration

Question 3

What are the tests for BJP

Answer 3

SSA
HEAT AND ACETIC ACID (HARRISON TEST)
BRADSHAW TEST
PUTNAM TEST
TOLUENE SULFONIC ACID
OSGOOD-HASKIN TEST
JACOBSON AND MILNER TEST

Question 4

Proteins denature upon exposure to extreme ph or temperature, causing decrease in solubility, thus precipitation

Answer 4

Sulfosalicylic acid precipitation test

Question 5

This is performed when SSA result is positive

Answer 5

Heat and acetic acid test (harrison test)

Question 6

3 tubes are prepared in heat and acetic acid test, what are placed in one of each?

Answer 6

5ml of urine dispensed in each tube
One drop of 33% acetic acid to the first tube
Two drops on the second tube
No addition on the third tube

Question 7

This is performed when heller’s ring test or SSA is positive

Answer 7

Bradshaw test

Question 8

This uses 2M acetate buffer ( sodium acetate trihydrate and glacial acetic acid)

Answer 8

Putnam test

Question 9

It precipitates BJP but does not precipitate albumin. It unmasks globulin only if present in high concentrations

Answer 9

TSA (Toluene Sulfonic Acid)

Question 10

This uses 50% acetic acid and saturated aqueous solution of NaCl

Answer 10

Osgood-haskin test

Question 11

This test requires a fresh urine to prevent the conversion of proteins to pseudo-BJP or decomposition of BJP

Answer 11

Jacobson and Milner Test

Question 12

Concentrated nitric acid is overlaid with urine snd white ring is produced in contact (jacobson and milners test). This may indicate the presence of:

Answer 12

Albumin
Proteoses
Resinosis drugs
BJP

Question 13

Rings 1-2mm above contact zone are due to:

Answer 13

Water
Urea
Bile

Question 14

Jacobson and milners test:
If the result is positive, procedure must be repeated by using?

Answer 14

Concentrated HCL then 25% acetic acid. If white ring is still present after warming at 70C, BJP is present

Question 15

Four commonly used brands of commercial reagent strips:

Answer 15

Multistix
Chemstrips
Vchemstrips
Aution stick

Question 16

4 reagent strip parameter:

Answer 16

Glucose (30s)
Specific gravity (45s)
Ph (60s)
Protein (60s)

Question 17

Reagent strips (ph):
Erroneous results can occur from?

Answer 17

Improper storage of the specimen (falsely increased)
Contamination of the specimen container (falsely increased)
Improper reagent strip technique (falsely decreased ph)
Runover of urine (falsely acidic in an alkaline urine)

Question 18

Tests for urine ph

Answer 18

Reagent strips
Ph test paper
Ph meter

Question 19

It consists of a silver-silver chloride indicator electrode with a ph sensitive glass membrane connected by a salt bridge to a reference electrode (calomel electrode)

Answer 19

Ph meter

Question 20

What proteins are usually not detected in the reagent strip for albumin?

Answer 20

Globulin
Myoglobin
Hemoglobin
Immunoglobulin light chains
Mucoproteins

Question 21

Reagent strip in albumin:
False positive reactions are observed in:

Answer 21

Extremely alkaline (ph > 9) or highly buffered
Highly colored substances such as phenazopyridine drugs and beets

Question 22

Reagent strip (albumin) sensitivity

Answer 22

Chemstrip 6.0mg/dl
Multistix 15 to 30 mg/dl
Vchem at 15mg/dl

Question 23

Sensitive albumin tests

Answer 23

Immunodip test
Micral test strips
Clinitek microalbumin test strip
Multistix pro test strip

Question 24

Micral test method
Falsw positive results are caused by;

Answer 24

Ocytetracyline
Strong oxidizing agents

Question 25

Wualitative tests for protein

Answer 25

Heat and acetic acid test
Purdy’s modification of heat and acetic acid test
Heat coagulation method by henry
Sulfosalicylic acid precipitation test

Question 26

Sulfosalicylic acid precipitation tests
False positive:
False negativen:

Answer 26

False positive:
Penicilin
Contrast media (crystalline precipitate)
False negative:
Highly alkaline or buffered urine

Question 27

This involves 3% picric acid to precipitate proteins

Answer 27

Picric acid test

Question 28

This uses 50% acetic acid and saturated sodium chloride

Answer 28

Osgood haskin test

Question 29

This uses glacial acetic acid and 5-10% potassium ferrocyanide
Positive result: faint cloudiness appears at once

Answer 29

Potassium ferrocyanide test

Question 30

Ring or contact tests:

Answer 30

Heller’s ring test
Robert’s ring test
Spiegler’s test (jolles modification)

Question 31

Spiegler’s reagent consists of:

Answer 31

Mercuric chloride
Succinic scid
Sodium chloride
Distilled water

Question 32

Hellers ring test
False positive results occurs from:

Answer 32

Uric acid
Urea
Mucin

Question 33

Biuret reaction
Violet mixture:
Rose colored:

Answer 33

Violet: albumin and globulin
Rose: albumin and peptone

Question 34

Esbach’s reagent:
Tsuchiya’s reagent:

Answer 34

1% picric acid
2 citric scid
Distilled water

Tsuchiya’s reagent:
Phosphotungstic acid
95% alcohol
Conc. HCl

Question 35

Quantitative test for proteins

Answer 35

Esbach’s test
Kingsbury’s - Clark Method (SSA)
Shevky and Stafford Method
Kwilecki’s modification of esbach’s
Modified tsuchiya’s test
Purdy’s method

Question 36

This involves the use of 50% acetic acid snd 10% potassium ferrocyanide added with 15ml of urine. The amount of precipitate after 10 minutes is measured

Answer 36

Purdy’s method

Question 37

This uses ethanolic HCl phosphotungstic acid to precipitate proteins at 56C followed by spectrophotometry at 540nm

Answer 37

Modified tsuchiya’s test

Question 38

Involves heating s mixture of 10% ferric chloride and urine at 72C to allow precipitation

Answer 38

Kwileckis Modification of Esbach’s

Question 39

This uses Tsuchiya’s reagent to precipitate proteins and the degree of flocculation is quantified

Answer 39

Shevky and Stafford method