AUBF 1 (2ND PPT)

Question 1

The third part of routine urinalysis, after
physical and chemical examination, is the

Answer 1

microscopic examination of the urinary
sediment

Question 2

recommends that
microscopic examination be performed
when requested by a physician, when a
laboratory specified patient population is
being tested, or when any abnormal
physical or chemical result is obtaine

Answer 2

The Clinical and Laboratory Standards
Institute (CLSI)

Question 3

Specimens should be examined while

Answer 3

fresh or
adequately preserved.

Question 4

A standard amount of urine, usually between

Answer 4

10 and 15 mL (12 ml average),

Question 5

Centrifugation for___
produces an optimum amount of
sediment with the least chance of
damaging the elements

Answer 5

5 minutes at a
relative centrifugal force (RCF) of 400

Question 6

Calibration of centrifuge is done
_____________________________
using

Answer 6

3 months using tachometer

Question 7

Centrifuge disinfection:

Answer 7

once a week

Question 8

VOLUME AFTER DECANTATION:

Answer 8

: 0.5-1.0
mL

Question 9

VOLUME OF SEDIMENT EXAMINED:

Answer 9

20
uL (0.02 mL) covered by a 22 × 22 mm
glass cover slip

Question 10

Microscopic examination should be
performed in a consistent manner
and include observation of a
minimum of ___10 fields under both low
(10×) and high (40×) power.

Answer 10

10 fields

Question 11

The slide
is first examined under low power to
detect

Answer 11

casts

Question 12

Specimen volume

Answer 12

10-15 mL centrifuged
12mL: dipsticks easily
immersed

Question 13

Centrifugation

Answer 13

5 minutes
400 RCF

Question 14

Sediment Preparation

Answer 14

0.5 to 1.0 mL:
frequently used.
- Sediment must be
resuspended by gentle
agitation.
- Vigorous agitation
should be avoided.

Question 15

increases the overall visibility of sediment
elements being examined using bright-field microscopy by
changing their refractive index.

Answer 15

staining

Question 16

The most frequently used stain in urinalysis is the

Answer 16

Sternheimer-Malbin stain, which consists of crystal violet
and safranin O.

Question 17

a metachromatic stain,
provides enhancement of nuclear detail. It can be useful in
the differentiation between WBCs and renal tubular
epithelial cells and is also used in the examination of cells
from other body fluids.

Answer 17

0.5% solution of toluidine blue,

Question 18

The lipid stains, __ and
polarizing microscopy can be used to confirm the
presence of these elements.

Answer 18

Oil Red O and Sudan III,

Question 19

Triglycerides and neutral
fats stain

Answer 19

orange red

Question 20

GRAM STAIN
stain is used primarily in the microbiology section for
the differentiation between gram-positive___and
gram-negative___bacteria

Answer 20

(blue)
(red)

Question 21

The preferred stain for urinary eosinophils in cases of a
drug-induced allergic reaction producing inflammation of
the renal interstitium.
consisting of methylene blue and eosin Y

Answer 21

HANSEL STAINS

Question 22

to confirm that these granules are hemosiderin during
after episodes of hemoglobinuria,

Answer 22

PRUSSIAN BLUE STAIN

Question 23

stain that enhances nuclear detail

Answer 23

toluidine blue

Question 24

stains trig and neutral fats

Answer 24

oil red o
sudan III

Question 25

diff gram + and gram -

Answer 25

gram stain

Question 26

stains structure containing iron

Answer 26

prussian blue stain

Question 27

identifies yellow-brown granules of hemosiderin in cells and cast

Answer 27

prussian blue stain

Question 28

used for routine urinalysis

Answer 28

bright field microscopy

Question 29

enhances visualization of elements with low reflactive index such as hyaline cast, mucus threads, trichomonas

Answer 29

phase contrast microscopy

Question 30

aids in identification of chol in oval fat bodies

Answer 30

polarizing microscopy

Question 31

aids of treponema pallidum

Answer 31

dark field microscopy

Question 32

visuallization of naturally fluorescent microorganism

Answer 32

fluorescence microscopy

Question 33

produce 3 dimensional images and layer by layer imaging of specimen

Answer 33

interference contrast

Question 34

adjusted horizontally to adapt to differences in
interpupillary distance between operators for optimal
viewing conditions

Answer 34

ocular

Question 35

-cam be rotated to
compensate for variations in vision between the operator’s
eyes

Answer 35

DIOPTER ADJUSTMENT KNOB

Question 36

perform the initial magnification

Answer 36

OBJECTIVES

Question 37

regulates the intensity of light

Answer 37

rheostat

Question 38

focuses the light on the specimen

Answer 38

condenser

Question 39

controls the amount of light and
the angle of light that will pass through the specimen and
lens

Answer 39

APETURE DIAPHRAGM