Atypical Development Flashcards
What is key for POC for toe walkers?
PROM
When is eye dominance typically established?
6 years
When is hand dominance established?
4-6 years
When is leg dominance established?
6 years
When can you do MMT?
8 years
(Usually not before 5 years)
What pain scale is used for age 3 and older?
Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale
What age is the verbal analog scale for?
10+
What ages is the FLACC observation scale for?
Infants, preschoolers, and non-verbal
What is CMT?
Nonprogressive unilateral contracture of SCM
Asymmetries of ___ to ___ deg in hip abduction may indicate hip dysplasia
5-10 deg
Prognosis for CMT is considered to be better if conservative treatment is begun before ___
1 year
WS activities on ball should be done for CMT after/around ____ months.
3-4 months
Plagiocephaly vs. brachycephaly
Plagiocephaly - mishappen
Brachycephaly - flatten
When does the anterior fontanelle close?
7-18 months
When does the posterior fontanelle close?
1-2 months
Mechanical factors for DDH?
Small intrauterine space
Breech
Fetal hip against mom’s sacrum
Physiologic factors for DDH?
Maternal estrogen and relaxin
Incidence of subluxation vs dislocation DDH
Subluxation - 1/100
Dislocation - 1/1000
What is the gold standard for confirming hip dysplasia?
Ultrasound
What is the most consistent clinical sign of hip dysplasia in neonates?
Hip abduction limitation or asymmetry
____% incidence of CMT with DDH
____% incidence of clubfoot with DDH
CMT - 20%
Clubfoot - 10%
How to Eval DDH
Galeazzi - uneven knees in hooklying
Barlow - flex & abduction to adduction with posterior force —> dislocate
Ortolani - flex & adduction to abduction with traction force —> reduce
Barlow and Ortolani are typically done until ___ months of age
6 months
Most infants have _____ deg of abduction
75-90
When is a closed reduction and splica cast used?
3-6 mo (following unsuccessful Pavlik harness)
Or if DDH found at 9 mo
DDH diagnosed between ______ months of age usually require surgery
6-18 months
Medical interventions (surgery) for hip dislocation dx after ambulation
Femoral osteotomy
Femoral shortening
Periacetabular osteotomy
Alternative to Pavlik for 9 mo that is ambulating
Hip abduction orthoses
Dx of hip dislocation of a child ____ old is generally considered to mandate open reduction
2 years or older
