Attribution And Effort

Question 1

Self serving bias

Answer 1

Using external and/or unstable reasons for losing

Question 2

5 Strategies to avoid learned helplessness

Answer 2

• Develop self esteem
• Goal setting
• Motivate
• Allow success
• Positive feedback

Question 3

How would a captain use knowledge of self serving bias to motivate their team ? (4 marks)

Answer 3

Self serving bias is attributing losses to external or unstable factors. The captain could develop the teams self esteem, give positive feedback to team and set goals for the team

Question 4

Attribution

Answer 4

A perception of the reason for an outcome of an event / performance. The reason why we won or lost

Question 5

The locus of causality

Answer 5

Is it in the control of the performer (internal) or out of their control (external)

Question 6

The stability dimension

Answer 6

Is it a permanent (stable) or changeable (unstable) reason

Question 7

Internal attribute

Answer 7

Within the performers control - effort

Question 8

External attribute

Answer 8

Outside of the performers control - the referee

Question 9

Unstable attribute

Answer 9

Can change in short amount of time - Luck

Question 10

Stable attribute

Answer 10

Unlikely to change in a short amount of time - Quality of a team

Question 11

Stable - Internal, example

Answer 11

Ability

Question 12

Unstable - Internal, example

Answer 12

Effort

Question 13

Stable - External, example

Answer 13

Task difficulty

Question 14

Unstable - External, example

Answer 14

Luck

Question 15

5 Factors that affect attribution

Answer 15

• Ability
• Luck
• Refs decision
• Playing a good team
• Effort applied

Question 16

Learned helplessness

Answer 16

Using internal stable reasons for losing - I’m not good enough and never will be

Question 17

2 types of learned helplessness:

Answer 17

• General learned helplessness
• Specific learned helplessness

Question 18

General learned helplessness

Answer 18

General sporting situations, e.g not good at racket sports

Question 19

Specific learned helplessness

Answer 19

Specific sporting situations, e.g. not good at penalty kicks

Question 20

Attribution retraining

Answer 20

Changing the reasons given for success and failure. Change in internal stable attribution to external unstable - Don’t blame ability, blame luck