Attention

Question 1

attention

Answer 1

the mental process of concentrating effort on a location/stimulus or mental event

Question 2

shadowing task

Answer 2

different sentences played in each ear and instructed to pay attention to only one then repeat the message out loud

Question 3

Donald Broadbent proposed that _____

Answer 3

there is a filter limiting the information coming into your system

Question 4

late selection model

Answer 4

all attention channels are processed for meaning, and selected information is what enters into consciousness

Question 5

Daniel Kahneman

Answer 5

Capacity Theory-there is a curve in which the level of arousal influences the capacity of one’s attention

Question 6

perceptual load

Answer 6

the difficulty of a task (how much attention resources are required)

Question 7

a process is automatic if:

Answer 7

• occurs without intention
• you are unaware of it
• it does not interfere with other processes (no allocation required)
• unaffected by practice

Question 8

a process is automatic if:

Answer 8

• occurs without intention
• you are unaware of it
• it does not interfere with other processes (no resources required)
• unaffected by practice

Question 9

overt attention

Answer 9

location of attention known to outside observer

Question 10

covert attention

Answer 10

location of attention unknown to outside observer

Question 11

exogenous attention

Answer 11

stimulus-based (outside)

Question 12

endogenous attention

Answer 12

goal-directed (internal)

Question 13

Michael Posner

Answer 13

• focused on covert attention

- did a study on priming

Question 14

location-based attention

Answer 14

moving attention from one place to another

Question 15

object-based attention

Answer 15

attention being directed to one place on an object

Question 16

attended objects are perceived as ____ than non-attended objects

Answer 16

richer, bigger, faster, etc.

Question 17

binding

Answer 17

the process by which features such as colour, form, motion, and location are combined to create our perception of a coherent object

Question 18

Feature Integration Theory

Answer 18

• Preattentive stage: automatic, no effort or attention, object analyzed into features
• Focused attention stage: attention plays key role, features are combined to create perception

Question 19

illusory conjunctions occur because features are _____

Answer 19

free-floating

Question 20

Balint’s syndrome

Answer 20

• inability to focus attention on individual objects
• high number of illusory conjunctions
• cannot do conjunction searches (more than 1 difference), but can do feature searches (1 difference)

Question 21

selective attention

Answer 21

attending to one thing while ignoring others

Question 22

distraction

Answer 22

one stimulus interfering with the processing of another stimulus

Question 23

attentional capture

Answer 23

a rapid shifting of attention usually caused by a stimulus such as a loud noise, bright light, or sudden movement

Question 24

dictionary unit

Answer 24

contains words, stored in memory, each of which has a threshold for being activated

Question 25

stimulus salience

Answer 25

the physical properties of a stimulus

Question 26

same-object advantage

Answer 26

the faster responding that occurs when enhancement spreads within an object