Attachment - Explanations Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the evolutionary explanation in attachment?

A

The tendency to form attachments is innate and is both present in infants and mothers.

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2
Q

What is the Learning theory explanation in attachment?

A

Infants have no innate tendency to form attachments and they only learn attachments because of food.

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3
Q

What are the 2 behavioural processes in Learning Theory of attachment?

A

Classical conditioning

Operant conditioning

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4
Q

Describe Pavlov’s research into classical conditioning.

A
  • Pavlov established that meat caused the dog to salivate.
  • Meat was an unconditioned stimulus provoking an unconditioned response.
  • He established the tone did not cause the dog to salivate provoking no response.
  • He presented the tone with the meat - the dog salivates in response to the meat.
  • After a while, Pavlov found that the dog would salivate to the tone when it was presented.
  • The tone had become the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response was salivation.
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5
Q

What does operant conditioning involve?

A

Reinforcement

Punishment

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6
Q

What are the two forms of reinforcement?

A

Positive reinforcement - rewards behaviour so that it is more likely to happen again.
Negative reinforcement - rewards behaviour by removing a negative consequence making it more likely that it will happen again.

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7
Q

What is punishment?

A

Punishes a certain behaviour making it less likely that it will happen again.

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8
Q

What are the features of Bowlby’s Monotropic Theory of attachment? (ASC-MI)

A
Adaptive
Social releasers
Critical period
Monotropy
Internal working model
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9
Q

What are the steps to classical conditioning?

A

unconditioned stimulus -> unconditioned response

neutral stimulus -> neutral response

unconditioned stimulus + neutral stimulus -> unconditioned response

conditioned stimulus -> conditioned response

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