ATP-PC

Question 0

ATP PC system

Answer 0

High power/low capacity
Peak power 0.1-3 seconds
Low capacity - resting levels of PC and ATP in the SR can give energy for 8-12 seconds during intense activity

Question 1

2 pathways of ATP PC

Answer 1

Creative kinase

Myokinase rxn

Question 2

Max speed in a sprint

Answer 2

cannot be maintained throughout the run

Question 3

Phosphocreatine storage numbers compared to ATP

Answer 3

3-6 times more store than ATP
ATP 6mmol/kg muscle about 3g/kg
PC 18mmol/kg about 3.8 g/kg

Question 4

Muscle fibre and PC storage

Answer 4

Fast twitch have more PC than slow twitch muscle fibres

Question 5

Creatine storage

Answer 5

60-70stored as phosphocreatine, rest as creatine

Question 6

Is PC a high capacity energy source?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

The PC in an ind with 20kg active muscle is enough for

Answer 7

5-8 second sprint
1 min brisk walk
20-30 s marathon run

Question 8

What is the lohmann reaction?

Answer 8

ADP + PC + H = ATP + creatine
Creatine kinase catalyzed breakdown of PC releasing energy needed to resynthesize ATP from ADP and Pi
Hydrogen is recycled from the hydrolysis of ATP so no decrease in pH
Reaction occurs in sarcoplasm, easily reversible

Question 9

Myokinase / adenylate kinase reaction enhances 2

Answer 9

Power of ATP PC to 5 seconds
Capacity of ATP PC to 15 seconds
ADP+ADP = AMP+ATP

Question 11

Evaluation of ATP PC anaerobic power with technology

Answer 11

Phosphorus NMR 31 spectroscopy
Non invasive to measure ATP and PC concentration with exercise
Very expensive
Put them in MRI and look at phosphate properties with MVIC as inorganic phosphate would accumulate with anaerobic
Difficult to measure changes in ATP PC in Vivo

Question 12

field tests for ATP-PC anaerobic power (4)

Answer 12

Vertical jump test - force platform for actual power calculations (some from PC)
Margaria-Kalamen test - test for alactic power
- switch mats/photoelectric cells are essential for accuracy
Short running springs (30m)
Wingate peak power
- peak 5 second power during 30 second wingate test (usually first)

Question 13

Time frame for training the ATPPC system

Answer 13

15 seconds or less

- not giving it enough time to recover

Question 14

ATPPC training adaptations (4)

Answer 14

increased ATPPC turnover
-increased ATPase activity -30%
-increased myokinase activity -20%
-increased creatine kinase activity - 30-55%
increased ATPPC storage
-increased 40% cellular PC
-small increase in ATP
decreased depletion of ATP and PC at same absolute workload
no change in ATP and PC depletion at same relative workload

Question 15

How does ATPPC training increase in your 1RM

Answer 15

level of intensity increases as you train

Question 16

Production of creatine

Answer 16

endogenously by liver, kidney, pancreas, brain and testes from AA(arginine, glycine, methionine)/consumed from fish/meat

Question 17

to maintain creatine levels

Answer 17

2g/day(1 from body 1 from food) for normal muscle creatine levels
(1kg red meat = 5g creatine)

Question 18

who has low levels of muscle creatine?

Answer 18

vegetarians

Question 19

what do people take as creatine supplements?

Answer 19

creatine monohydrate

Question 20

4 rationales/claims for creatine’s ergogenic effects

Answer 20

increase PC and power and capacity of ATPPC which gives speedy recovery from short but high intensity activity
more hydrogen molecules sequestered during the creatine kinase reaction limiting decrease in pH
ATP can only fall to about 30 % but PC can fall to almost zero
increase lean body mass

Question 21

Creatine supplementation protocol

Answer 21

loading - 20g/day for 5-7 days (0.3g/kg/day)
- could give you greater than 30% retained intramuscular PC

Maintenance - 3-5g/day 1wk-6m

Question 22

Excess creatine

Answer 22

turned into creatinine and excreted

Question 23

Creatine supplementation most effective for

Answer 23

repeated bouts of high intensity strength and sprint exercise

Question 24

creatine supplementation show low increase in

Answer 24

max speed/power

Question 25

How many do not respond to creatine supplementation and why?

Answer 25

20-30%

• responders are ones that have low levels of creatine like vegetarians and those who consume low lvls of animal protein
• if you have lower % fast twitch muscle fibers
• PC store only increases from 10-30 %

Question 26

creatine and muscle hypertrophy?

Answer 26

no clear evidence

- potentially increased lean mass - indirect effect of increased work capacity

Question 27

Is creatine safe?

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

weight gain and creatine

Answer 28

up to 3kg

- may be ergolytic depending on sport - occurs quickly in first 1-2 days, mostly due to water retention

Question 29

3 adverse effects

Answer 29

stiff muslces
endogenous production of creatine stops but appears to resume after supplementation stops
possible contamination with undeclared banned substance

Question 30

creatine and renal function

Answer 30

no known adverse affects, but can impair in ind. with pre existing kidney problems

Question 31

most effective sports for creatine supplementation

Answer 31

football/hockey for your small rests in between bouts

Question 32

creatine and short track events

Answer 32

no but during off training