Atomic Structure And Isotopes

Question 1

Isotope

Answer 1

Isotopes are atoms of the same element, with different numbers of neutrons and different masses.

Question 2

reactivity of different isotopes

Answer 2

Isotopes of the same element all have the same reactivity as chemical reactions involve the electrons surrounding the nucleus, different isotopes of the same element have the same number of electrons.

Question 3

physical properties of different isotopes of the same element

Answer 3

The physical properties of isotopes of the same element such as destiny and melting/boiling point are different as the physical properties of an element is reliant on its mass.

Question 4

Relative Atomic Mass (Ar)

Answer 4

Relative atomic mass Ar is the weighted mean mass of an atom relative to 1/12th the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

Question 5

Relative Molecular Mass (Mr)

Answer 5

Relative Molecular Mass (Mr) is the average mass of a molecule relative t0 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

Question 6

Relative formula mass

Answer 6

The relative mass used for giant covalent or ionic compounds.

Question 7

Relative isotopic mass

Answer 7

Relative isotopic mass if the mass of an isotope relative to 1/12 the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

Question 8

Atomic number

Answer 8

The number of protons in the nucleus, each element has a different atomic number.

Question 9

Mass number

Answer 9

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 10

Ion

Answer 10

An ion is a charged atom its number of electrons is different to its number of protons.

Question 11

Cations

Answer 11

Positively charged atoms, atoms with fewer electrons than protons.

Question 12

Anions

Answer 12

Negatively charged atoms, atoms with more electrons than protons.

Question 13

Calculating relative atomic mass

Answer 13

Multiply the relative isotopic abundance (percentage) by the relative isotopic mass of each isotope, add each multiplication together then divide by 100.

Question 14

Calculating relative molecular mass

Answer 14

Add the relative atomic mass of each atom in the molecule.
E.g. H2O
2x1 + 16 = 18

Question 15

what does the mass spectrometer find

Answer 15

Relative abundance and mass of isotopes of a sample. Which can be used to work our relative atomic and molecular masses.

Question 16

How does a mass spec work?

Answer 16

1. Sample is placed in the mass spectrometer.
2. Sample is vaporised, turned into a gaseous form.
3. Sample is ionised.
4. Ions are then accelerated.
   5.Ions are then detected on a mass spectrum as a mass to charge ratio.