Atomic Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What were the five points to Dalton’s model of the atom?

A

all matter composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms
atoms cannot be created or destroyed
atoms of the same element are alike in every way
atoms of different elements are different
atoms can combine together in small numbers to form molecules

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2
Q

compound

A

substance made by chemically combining two or more elements

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3
Q

Describe the actual model of the atom

A

made up of sub-atomic particles
nucleus contains protons and neutrons
electrons occupy space outside nucleus

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4
Q

Why is atomic number important?

A

defining property of element

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5
Q

mass number

A

number of protons and neutrons

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6
Q

atomic number

A

number of protons

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7
Q

isotope

A

atoms of same element with different numbers of neutrons

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8
Q

ion

A

atom which has gained or lost electrons

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9
Q

How do isotopes differ from original atom?

A

heavier isotopes diffuse more slowly

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10
Q

empirical formula

A

simplest whole-number ratio of elements in compound

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11
Q

hydrated salt

A

compounds that contain fixed ratio of water molecules

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12
Q

water of crystallization

A

water within crystalline structure of compound

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13
Q

molecular formula

A

shows all atoms present in a molecule

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14
Q

How do you calculate molecular formula?

A

X(mass of empirical formula) = molar mass

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