Atmosphere & Ocean

Question 1

Wind

Answer 1

motion of air

-named from direction of origin

Question 2

Prevailing Winds

Answer 2

prominent wind speed/direction in a particular area

Question 3

Atmospheric Pressure

Answer 3

-force per unit area that is exerted against a surface by air

Question 4

with altitude, density and pressure….

Answer 4

DECREASE

Question 5

Low Pressure, Low density air is…

Answer 5

warm and moist

Question 6

High pressure high density air is…

Answer 6

cool and dry

Question 7

1 atmosphere =

Answer 7

1013.25 hPa =1013.25 mb = 14.7 psi

Question 8

What does wind result from?

Answer 8

differences in pressure and density!

Question 9

Only true vertical force

Answer 9

Gravity

Question 10

Pressure Gradient Force

Answer 10

-air flows form high pressure area to low pressure area

Question 11

Coriolis Deflection

Answer 11

• due to Earth being a rotating sphere

- sets objects in straight path in curved line

Question 12

Friction

Answer 12

• affects surface flow
• opposes direction of motion
• depends on velocity and viscosity

Question 13

Higher PGF means

Answer 13

Stronger wind

Question 14

Isobar

Answer 14

a line of equal pressure

-closer spacing, higher PGF, stronger winds

Question 15

Diverging, Descending

Answer 15

-high pressure area

Question 16

Ascending Converging

Answer 16

-low pressure area

Question 17

for ONLY PGF

Answer 17

• wind would move at right angle from isobars

- direction high -> low pressure areas

Question 18

Cyclone

Answer 18

-ascending and converging

counter clock wise (NH)

Question 19

Anticyclone

Answer 19

descending and diverging
clock wise  (NH)

Question 20

PGF + Coriolis Force creates

Answer 20

• geostrophic winds

- upper tropospher

Question 21

Primary Circulation is..

Answer 21

general global circulation

Question 22

Secondary Circulation is…

Answer 22

migrating high and low pressure systems

Question 23

Tertiary Circulation

Answer 23

• local winds

- temporal weather

Question 24

Meridian Circulation Flows

Answer 24

-move north or south along meridians

Question 25

Zonal Circulation Flows

Answer 25

-move east or west along parallels

Question 26

PGF + Coriolis + Friction force =

Answer 26

Surface winds

• spiral OUT of high pressure areas
• spiral INTO low pressure areas

Question 27

warmer air is carried towards..

Answer 27

the poles, and cooler air towards the equator

Question 28

How many East-West cells per hemisphere?

Answer 28

3!

Question 29

Equatorial Cell (Pressure, location, weather, winds)

Answer 29

• LOW pressure trough
• heavy rainfall
• trade winds (easterlies)

Question 30

Subtropical Cell (Pressure, location, weather, winds)

Answer 30

• HIGH pressure
• dry and hot
• strong summer, weak winter
• westerlies and trade winds

Question 31

Subpolar Cell (Pressure, location, weather, winds)

Answer 31

• Low pressure
• cool and moist
• weak summer, strong winter

Question 32

Polar Cell (Pressure, location, weather, winds)

Answer 32

• High pressure
• dry and frigid
• Antarctic&raquo_space; arctic

Question 33

Jetstreams

Answer 33

• concentrated bands of westerly air currents
• upper troposphere, 10-15 km up
• many km wide
• speeds of 400 km/h

Question 34

Polar Jet stream vs Subtropical Jet stream?

Answer 34

-polar jet stream stronger

Question 35

Rossby Waves

Answer 35

• jet streams weak in summer

- strong in winter