ATLS-spine and spinal cord trauma Flashcards
What percent of patients with a cervical spine fracture have a second, non-contiguous vertebral column fracture?
10%
True or false: As long as the patient’s spine is protected, evaluation of the spine and exclusion of spinal injury may be safely deferred, especially in the presence of systemic instability, such as hypotension and respiratory inadequacy
True
What is the max amount of time that a patient should remain on a backboard?
2 hours
What is the pedicle of the vertebrae?
the bone that connects the spinous process to the vertebral body
What happens to the spinal canal as it progresses from the top to bottom?
Gets narrower
What are the three spinal tracts that are easily tested by a clinician?
Lateral corticospinal
Spinothalamic
Dorsal columns
Where is the corticospinal tract located in the spinal cord? Spinothalamic? Dorsal columns?
Lateral corticospinal = posterolaterally
Spinothalamic = anterolateral
Dorsal columns = posteriorly
Where do the three spinal tracts cross?
Lateral corticospinal = medulla
Spinothalamic = at the level
Dorsal columns = medulla
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: C5
Over the deltoid
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: C6
Thumb
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: C7
Middle finger
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: C8
Little finger
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: T1
ulnar side of the forearm
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: T4
Nipple line
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: T8
Xiphisternum
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: T10
Umbilicus
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: T12
Symphysis pubis
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: L4
Medial aspect of the calf
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: L5
Web space of the first and second toes
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: S1
Lateral border of the foot
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: S3
ITs
Where does the following nerve provide sensory innervation to: S4 and S5
Perianal region
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: C5
Deloitd
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: C6
flexes forearm (biceps)
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: C7
Extends forearm (triceps)
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: C8
Flexed wrists and fingers
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: T1
Small finger abductors (abductor digiti minimi)
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: L2
Hip flexors (iliopsoas)
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: L3 and L4
Knee extension (quads and patellar reflexes)
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: L4,5 and S1
Knee flexion (hamstrings)
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: L5
Ankle and big toe dorsiflexors (tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus)
Where does the following nerve provide MOTOR innervation to: S1
Ankle plantar flexors (gastroc and soleus)